China Wuhan Desheng Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd Company News

Luminol is a chemiluminescent reagent. Among the many chemiluminescent reagents, luminol reagents have high luminescence quantum yield and good water solubility, and can chemically react with various oxidants and have become The most widely used chemiluminescent reagent. Its luminescence mechanism is that of oxidative reaction. They are catalyzed by horseradish peroxidase under alkaline conditions and oxidized by hydrogen peroxide to produce their excited intermediates that return to aminophthalic acid. When they return to the ground state, they emit Photon. Therefore, Luminol reagents have good application value and broad market demand prospects. The advantages and disadvantages of several Luminol synthesis methods are briefly described here.     The current method of preparing luminol mainly has the following synthetic routes: (1) Using 3-nitrophthalic acid as a raw material, it undergoes a cyclization reaction with hydrazine hydrate, and is reduced with an insurance powder to obtain luminol (J. Chem. Educ., 1934, II: 142～145). This synthetic method has a simple process route, but the disadvantages are: 1. The reaction temperature in the first step is high, requiring 225 degrees; 2. The purification is difficult. The first step requires the use of high-boiling substance triethylene glycol as a solvent, which is difficult to remove. The reducing agent safety powder used in the second step will decompose during the reaction to produce several inorganic impurities, which are difficult to remove; 3. The yield is low, only about 30%. (2) Using 3-nitrophthalic acid as a raw material, it undergoes a cyclization reaction with hydrazine sulfate, and is reduced with an insurance powder to obtain luminol (Org. Synth. 1949, 29, 78 and Org. Synth. 1949, 29, 8). The synthesis method has made some improvements on route one, but the disadvantages are: 1. The highly toxic hydrazine sulfate is used; 2. The reaction temperature in the first step is 170 degrees, the temperature is too high, and the equipment requirements are high; 3. The reaction produces a lot of The waste liquid and the reducing agent safety powder used in the second step will decompose during the reaction to produce several inorganic impurities, which are difficult to remove. (3) Monophthalic anhydride is used as the raw material to nitrate with mixed acid to obtain 3-nitrophthalic acid, dehydrate with acetic anhydride to obtain 3-nitrophthalic anhydride, then hydrazine decompose, and finally reduce iron powder Get Lumino. The shortcomings of this synthesis method are: 1. Long synthetic route; 2. Mixed acid nitrification, which generates a large amount of acidic waste liquid; 3. Iron powder reduction, a large amount of iron slag waste, and greater environmental pollution. Another method of synthesizing luminol or isoluminol using the one-pot method has obvious advantages and beneficial effects compared with the prior art. 1) The method realizes the completion of the three-step reaction in the same pot, without any purification treatment of the intermediate product, and finally obtains the product directly. 2) The method has simple synthesis route, mild reaction conditions, simple operation, and the required reagents are all conventional reagents, and the required equipment is conventional equipment, so the price is low, therefore, the cost required for synthesis is low, suitable for industrial large-scale production . 3) The yield and purity of luminol and isoluminol synthesized by this method are high. The yield of luminol and isoluminol are both above 80%, and the purity of HPLC is above 98%, which can fully meet the industrialization of products. Production and market demand.

Since the discovery of heparin, it has been widely used to prevent and treat various thromboembolic diseases because of its rapid onset, definite curative effect, and anticoagulant effect can be reversed. However, there are many types of heparin drugs with similar names, such as heparin, low-molecular-weight heparin, enoxaparin, natraheparin, etc., which can easily lead to confusion. What exactly are heparin drugs, what types are they, and how are heparins different?    How is heparin extracted? In 1916, Jay Mclean of John Hopkins University in the United States first discovered a substance with anticoagulant effect from animal liver, so the substance was named "heparin". Later, heparin was found in many organs of mammals. At present, most of the medicinal heparin is extracted from the intestinal mucosa of pigs and lungs of pigs and cattle.     What are the types of heparin? Heparin is mainly divided into ordinary heparin (UFH), low molecular weight heparin (LMWH), heparin derivatives (such as fondaparinux), heparin analogs (such as danaparin). What does unfractionated heparin mean? Unfractionated heparin is a mixture of sulfated glycosaminoglycans (GAGs). It is a mucopolysaccharide sulfate composed of alternating D-glucosamine, L-iduronic acid, and D-glucuronic acid. Or made from the intestinal mucosa of cattle, sheep and pigs. What are the low molecular weight heparins?   Low molecular weight heparin is a short-chain preparation isolated from ordinary heparin or degraded by ordinary heparin. Due to differences in molecular size, anticoagulant activity, preparation methods, manufacturers, etc., clinically used low molecular weight heparins include enoxaparin, dalteparin, natraparin, etc.   What are heparin analogues? Heparin analogue actually refers to a substance similar to heparin, which is somewhat similar in chemical structure to heparin, an acidic substance with anticoagulant activity, heparin analogue danaparin sodium is a mixture of sulfated aminodextran , Also prepared from pig intestinal mucosa, the main components are heparan sulfate, dermatan sulfate and chondroitin sulfate. Indana heparin sodium is rarely used clinically.

Carbomer is a white powdery substance, easy to absorb moisture and agglomerate, soluble in water, ethanol, alcohol and glycerin. Its 1% aqueous solution has a pH of 3.0 and can be neutralized with alkali. The hydrogel formed by carbomer is the most viscous when the pH is 6-12. When the pH is 12, the viscosity decreases. The presence of strong electrolytes will also reduce the viscosity. When exposed to sunlight, it will quickly lose its viscosity. The addition of antioxidants can slow down the reaction. Many manufacturers will encounter various problems when using carbomer, because carbomer is extremely hydrophilic, and the dry powder of carbomer (carbomer) is very hygroscopic, just like other hygroscopic powders. When improperly put it into water or other polar solvents, it is easy to form agglomeration or incomplete wetting. Other powders will eventually reduce and dissolve after agglomeration, but carbomer will not dissolve easily after agglomeration, because once the outer layer of the agglomerate is completely infiltrated, moisture will not easily penetrate into the inner dry part, and finally appears Massive phenomenon.   Carbomer dissolved in water   A few days ago, several customers asked us how to avoid the phenomenon of carbomer formation. Here are several methods for reference. 1. Sprinkle carbomer on the water (note: it is carbomer on the water, not carbomer with water), let it stand for one night to fully dissolve; 2. Grind the carbomer and glycerin (or propylene glycol, depending on the prescription) in the mortar evenly, then add water to grind evenly; 3. Add a certain amount of water to the agitator, slowly add carbomer under rapid agitation, and continue to agitate for 1-2 hours after the addition is completed, so that it fully dissolves and swells; Here are some additional points: 1. If it is a small test in the laboratory, it is recommended to use the method 2 or 3; 2. If it is a pilot test or production, the methods 1 and 3 are more suitable. The method 1 may have jelly-like clumps, but the problem is not big: after the colloid mill, you can get a very uniform colloid. After the colloid mill, there may be more air bubbles, which can be defoamed by vacuuming and placing it overnight. 3. The above method only obtains carbomer colloid. To obtain the gel matrix, the pH must be adjusted to 6-10 with triethanolamine or sodium hydroxide solution. The resin particles must be evenly dispersed in cold water. Carbomer can be sieved into agitated vortex with high-speed stirring at 500-800rpm. Optional dispersing equipment can be ejector, flocculation disperser, and conventional disperser. A The above method is purely personal experience. Each company uses different carbomer manufacturing equipment, and the method also varies from person to person. If you have a better way to avoid carbomer formation, please leave a message for advice, carbomer has For many different models, Desheng currently sells the Carbomer 980 and Carbomer 940 relatively well. After the equipment has been upgraded, it has reached a very good mass production.

As the world's second largest in vitro diagnostic (IVD) market, my country's IVD industry has the characteristics of large development space and high growth rate. Among them, chemiluminescence occupies nearly 40% of the entire IVD market and is a well-deserved "flow king". Why can chemiluminescence explode in the IVD field so that it can occupy a place? First of all, chemiluminescence has the advantages of high degree of automation, safety and stability, high accuracy, and wide detection range compared with traditional immune technology, and has become the mainstream technology of immunodiagnosis in my country. Chemiluminescence is a diagnostic method that uses specific reactions between antigens and antibodies to determine the concentration of disease markers in the body to judge the state of the human body, including enzymatic chemiluminescence (Luminol and its derivatives, AMPPD), direct chemiluminescence ( Isoluminol, acridinium ester), electrochemiluminescence (terpyridine ruthenium), etc. Chemiluminescence is currently widely used in tumors, infectious diseases, nail function, kidney function, heart disease, endocrine hormones, pregnancy testing and other directions, which can greatly meet the needs of clinical testing. These test items account for 75-80% of the total test amount and 60% of the market value; in China, these test items can account for more than 80% of the market value. Secondly, the chemiluminescence technology did not sink fully to the primary hospitals, so there is a large space for development. Although with the development of chemiluminescence technology, its detectable items have become more and more abundant, but at present, the chemiluminescence technology has not completely sunk to the primary hospital. At present, China's chemiluminescence instruments are mainly concentrated in tertiary and secondary hospitals, and some primary hospitals, communities, townships and other grass-roots hospitals have not been installed. With the advancement of graded diagnosis and treatment, the number of outpatient clinics continues to lower the level of these hospitals. There is a wide demand for chemiluminescence instruments and reagents, that is to say, there is still huge room for development in domestic chemiluminescence. In summary, the reason why chemiluminescence is becoming more and more popular in the in vitro diagnostic industry is mainly due to two reasons. First, chemiluminescence has a large market in China because of its special advantages. Second, in the future, chemiluminescence will further sink to the grassroots, covering the needs of hospitals at all levels, and there is great room for development. Since 2005, Desheng has been researching and producing various raw materials for blood collection tube additives, biological buffers, chemiluminescent reagents, etc. It is hoped that with the joint efforts of Desheng people, it will gain its own world in the in vitro diagnostic industry.

Viruses, the most primitive and smallest life on earth, may have existed for 4 billion years. We need to parasitize inside cells. We don’t know whether there are cells or viruses first. At this moment, As a virus, I fell into a tube of Virus Transport Media, and looking back at history can be described as a tumultuous year. Virus infected cells   The war between viruses and cells may have lasted 1 billion years or 4 billion years. No one knows, but it must be the longest jihad on this planet. This jihad also caused us to "jump out of the three realms, Viruses that are not in the "Five Elements" are constantly evolving. No, the new coronavirus is our challenge to the human being, the soul of all creatures called the highest creature on earth. Many humans are hindsight, but in fact the battle of viruses has already started, and listen to me: Virus intrusion For us who have evolved for 4 billion years, it is not difficult to invade the human body. Even if the skin can resist most viruses, fortunately, the mouth, nose, and eyes are open channels. Maybe just a sneeze, we can infect the surroundings. Humanity. But our intention is not to kill humans, but to reproduce, so from SARS to the new crown, we continue to evolve towards low toxicity. Of course, there are also not enough "smart", such as Ebola virus and MERS is a high lethal rate. Virus attack cell Our viruses need to be parasitic, so invading the human body requires advanced attack cells. First, we must avoid the Y-type protein-antibodies patrol back and forth between cells. Once identified, they will be locked by antibodies and then swallowed by white blood cells. Some of our viruses can reach the cell membrane on the cell surface after breaking through the defense line. There are also hundreds of receptor proteins. Large molecules must have special protein keys if they want to enter. After billions of years of evolution, our prominent fiber tail has already obtained the key, so that the virus army has successfully infiltrated into the cell. Virus hijacks the nucleus After the virus enters the cell, it will be sent to the sorting station, the endosome, which is acidic, which will acid off the virus capsid and then break down the virus. This looks like the end of the virus, but when the virus fiber is broken down, the special protein released will tear the endoplasmic wall membrane, and sacrifice a part of the virus-accompanied virus companion, the virus army can develop like a cell nucleus Too. First of all, we combined the motor protein under the cell membrane and used the energy of the mitochondria, a power station that swims inside the cell, to reach the surface of the nuclear membrane. There are many completely different channels here, and billions of chemical signals and instructions are transmitted between DNA and cells through these nuclear pores. We have a forged pass on the viral capsid that locks the tentacles of nuclear membrane proteins, but because it is too large to enter directly, the reverse movement of the motor protein tears the virus. It seems to be a disaster, but it allows us to expose the nucleic acid of the virus through the nuclear hole and enter the cell's headquarters-the cell nucleus. So far, we have successfully hijacked the cell, and then control the nuclear replication virus, let it destroy itself. But now, I am trapped in a tube of Virus Transport Media, the cells will counterattack, and humans will also counterattack. Various new vaccines are also intensifying research and development. This virus holy war has not ended, and will continue...

The appearance of carbopol 940 is white loose powder with characteristic slight odor and strong hygroscopicity. Also known as Carbo 940, it is an acrylic cross-linked resin obtained by cross-linking pentaerythritol and acrylic acid. Carbo resin exists in water in an acidic form, and swells easily in water and polar organic solvents (such as ethanol, glycerin, etc.).   Carbopol 940 contains polyalkenyl polyether crosslinked acrylic polymers, which contain 56%-68% carboxylic acid groups in the molecule, making these resins weakly acidic, although weaker than acetic acid, it is easy to interact with inorganic bases and organic bases The reaction produces salts. Due to its swelling and weak acidity, it is a very important rheology modifier. The neutralized carbomer resin is an excellent gel matrix, with important properties such as thickening and suspension, due to the simple process and good stability. The advantages are widely used in lotions, creams, gels.     Application of carbopol 940 in skin gel: Allantoin gel prepared with 1.5% carbomer 940 is used to treat dry skin, psoriasis and other skin diseases. Clinical results show that the gel has good compatibility with the skin, lasting effect and no greasy rubbing on the skin Feeling bored. The erythromycin gel prepared with 1% carbomer 940 was used to treat acne. The results showed that the number of acne and the diameter of the base were significantly reduced. The gel for ultrasound diagnosis developed with carbopol 940 as the main matrix has the advantages of non-irritating to human skin, not damaging the probe, non-staining clothing, spreading lubrication, suitable viscosity and stable preparation. It has been proven by clinical use. The quality index achieves the predetermined effect. In addition, ketoprofen preparations were prepared with 4 different bases, and the drug was found to be released fastest from the carbomer gel, and the release rate was in the order of carbomer gel>hydrophilic ointment>cold cream>white petrolatum , Suggesting that carbomer has a certain role in promoting the transdermal absorption of drugs.   Application of carbopol 940 in pharmacy: The application of carbopol 940 in pharmaceuticals is mainly manifested in the application of gels. It is used in various oral gels and dental gels. It can be developed into a compound gel preparation with suitable consistency, no greasy feel, and easy to apply. , The preparation is used for the treatment of periodontitis, gingivitis, oral mucosal ulcers, the effect is relatively fast, the effect can be maintained for a long time. Carbomer 940 gel matrix has good film forming and adhesion. Adding protein coagulant containing formaldehyde, thymol and other desensitizing drugs to the gel matrix can prolong the residence time of the drug in the teeth. Desensitization effect is enhanced.   Desheng is located in the United Technology City, Gedian Development Zone, Ezhou City, Hubei Province. It is specialized in the research, development, production and sales of blood collection tube additives, biological buffers and luminescent substrates. Provide products and raw materials solutions for more than 100 domestic and foreign manufacturers. The Carbomer 940 developed and produced has good looseness, high transparency and no impurities. If you have product requirements or knowledge, please email to consult.

Recently, I received a complaint from a cooperating customer that the main reason is the bitter experience of purchasing carbomers before and his personal thinking. I feel that it is worth learning from peers. The original text is as follows: Not long ago, I received an arrangement from the company to let us purchase carbomer. The amount used was not very large and was fixedly supplied by foreign manufacturers. However, due to the epidemic situation, our raw materials were cut off. I am not very familiar with this raw material, so I repurchased it. There were many crashing problems in the process. During the procurement period, I asked many domestic carbomer suppliers, some were manufacturers, and some were trading companies. The first problem I encountered was that Carbomer's CAS number often didn't match up and Carbomer's different models were sometimes very confusing. Asking their sales staff, many of them also said it was confusing and ambiguous, which was really a headache. The following is my personal experience and insights, just for reference. Carbomer CAS number: 9003-01-4 139637-85-7 9007-17-4 9007-20-9 9062-04-8 54182-57-9 76050-42-5 The above are collected carbomer cas numbers, including but not limited to these. Although chemical substances and cas numbers correspond in principle, carbomers are acrylic polymers. Different polymerization degrees and different raw materials added in the polymerization reaction will make the reaction products different, and the accuracy of online information is not high. It leads to a lot of cas numbers and chaos, this need not be too tangled.   Undissolved Carbomer powder   Therefore, it is usually inconvenient to express the cas number as a polymer, and it is more common to distinguish by model. Such as Carbomer 940, Carbomer 980, Carbomer 941, Carbomer u20, Carbomer 340 and so on. So the more crazy question is, what does this model mean? There are two main types of network transmission: Does the Carbomer model indicate a different viscosity of Carbomer? This is obviously wrong. If the same carbomer is configured into gels of different concentrations, the difference in viscosity will be very large. The carbomer model is obviously not the number after the gel is configured. This can obviously be directly denied, the same The carbomer model represents the concentration used in different products is also wrong. Does the Carbomer model indicate its degree of polymerization? In a certain encyclopedia and a certain encyclopedia, it is said that the carbomer model represents a different degree of polymerization, the larger the number, the higher the degree of polymerization. At first glance, this statement seems to have a bit of truth, but this statement is also problematic, such as Carbomer 940 and Carbomer 941, the degree of polymerization is only 1 monomer apart, obviously knowing that industrial production is wrong, When the polymerization occurs, the polymer can hardly control the degree of polymerization at 940 or 941. To sum up, personally think that the number of carbomer number should be disassembled and understood. Carbomer is a resin, which may be similar to ion exchange resin. The model of the ion exchange resin is composed of three Arabic numerals, the first digit represents the classification of the product (codes from 0 to 6: strong acid weak acid strong alkali weak alkaline chelating amphoteric redox), the second digit Represents the difference of the skeleton (styrene acrylic acid acetate epoxy system, etc.), the third digit is the sequence number to distinguish the difference of genes, cross-linking agents, etc. Carbomer's model number may represent rheology, light transmittance, monomer difference, cross-linking agent difference, etc., viscosity and degree of polymerization are also included, but it is represented by a number code. Since I asked many companies and many websites, I didn’t find the exact difference between different carbomer models, so I directly asked many carbomer samples to come back for testing. Finally, I chose the carbomer from Desheng for our no-wash The effect in the disinfection gel is very good. In the end, the problem of the meaning of the carbomer model representative has not been completely resolved, and experienced seniors are welcome to give pointers!

Recently, the rebound of Beijing's new crown epidemic has sounded the alarm for our life in the post-epidemic period. The epidemic situation in the United States, Brazil, India, Africa and other regions is also intensifying. The new crown virus will inevitably leave a striking stroke in human history. In order to gain a deeper understanding of this RNA virus, we conducted a brief interview with the company's technology research and development department.   Hubei's new Desheng is a technology company specializing in the production of blood testing related reagents in the Optical Valley United Technology City. At the early stage of the outbreak, it began to invest heavily in the research and development of RNA virus Transport Medias, and eventually produced products approved by many companies.   So we made an appointment and interviewed the engineer Liu responsible for technology research and development. A series of interview questions are as follows:   Viruses and nucleic acids   Q: The company originally made blood test reagents. Why did it decide to make virus Transport Media? A: The company did start as a blood collection tube reagent, but that is only one of the main series in our products. The company has always produced a series of biochemical detection related reagents such as blood collection tube reagents, biological buffers, and sample tube Transport Medias, and even There are also some emerging reagent materials. Our advantage is R&D synthesis and innovation. And the virus Transport Media is an important part of the virus detection process. The market is in urgent need, and we are doing our best for the society. Q: The news now says that the nucleic acid test has false negatives. Is this related to the virus Transport Media? A: There are many cases of false negatives. Instead, the virus Transport Media is to reduce the occurrence of false negatives and increase the accuracy of detection. Because the virus will be quickly lysed in vitro, it is usually not detected in time after sampling. It can keep the original characteristics of the samples during transportation and storage to ensure the accuracy of the detection. Of course, if the virus Transport Media deteriorates or grows bacteria, it will not be able to protect viral proteins or viral RNA.   Q: How do you tell if the virus Transport Media has deteriorated or grown bacteria? Generally, it can be observed by the naked eye first. Usually, the non-inactivated virus Transport Media is easy to deteriorate or grow bacteria, and the inactivated type is not easy to deteriorate. Deteriorated storage solution is usually uneven in color, accompanied by turbidity or flocs, of course, the normal color is ultimately determined by testing to determine whether it is available.   Through the interview, we learned some common problems of virus Transport Media in the sampling tube. Finally, Engineer Liu also shared some suggestions for avoiding the deterioration of the Transport Media. The main reason is that the temperature is too high during transportation and the air during the packaging process. The contact is contaminated with bacteria and fungi, so be sure to keep strict low temperature and the product container is sealed tightly, especially the non-inactivated Transport Media.

The speed of medical tests is of great clinical significance. Some tests require the separation of serum from blood concentration in order to perform. It usually takes one hour from blood clotting to hemorrhage extraction. Even if heated centrifugation is used, it takes half an hour, and it is easy to cause hemolysis. In case of emergency blood distribution or emergency diagnosis, delay time and delay treatment. Therefore, shortening the time of serum separation is an urgent problem to be solved in the current inspection work. In this case, blood coagulant was born. Blood coagulation: (1) The concept of promoting coagulation: The process of accelerating blood coagulation by introducing some substances is blood coagulation. (2) Blood coagulant: substances that can accelerate blood coagulation are called blood coagulants. Blood coagulants include silica powder, glass, fiber, hair, thrombin, snake venom, and rabbit brain powder. (3) The principle of blood coagulation: blood coagulation is referred to as coagulation, which is the process of changing blood from a flowing state to a gel state. It is an important part of the hemostatic function. The coagulation process is a process in which a series of coagulation factors are activated by successive enzymatic hydrolysis, and finally generates thrombin, forming a fibrin clot. There are 14 factors involved in coagulation. Among them, there are 12 numbered with Roman numerals (from I to VIII, of which factor VI does not exist). The coagulation process is usually divided into: ① endogenous coagulation pathway; ② exogenous coagulation pathway; ③ common coagulation pathway.   Vacuum blood collection tubes with coagulants sometimes have filaments and lumps precipitated by fibrin, which are caused by the lack of standardized use of coagulant blood collection tubes. In the preparation of vacuum blood collection tubes, the selection of procoagulants with too fast coagulation speed will cause fibrin to contract too fast and the fragile red blood cells to break easily, causing mild hemolysis. There are the following reasons for the precipitation of fibrin: the use of coagulant blood collection tubes or separation gel to promote coagulation blood collection tubes, if the coagulant is evenly distributed in the blood, it must be slightly inverted and mixed 4-5 times, so that the center of the blood collection tube and the surrounding The blood coagulates at the same time. If the blood is not completely coagulated, it is centrifuged, which can cause the precipitation of fibrin. A jelly sample or a lump sample appeared on the upper part of the serum, mixed with blood. Fibrin filaments are caused by fibrin that has not contracted completely. When using coagulant blood collection tubes, the spraying of coagulant is insufficient or the prepared water-soluble coagulant is not used up on the same day, and the continued use the next day leads to a decrease in the effectiveness of the coagulant. Fibrinogen in the blood is gradually transformed into insoluble fibrin under the action of a coagulant. If the dose of the coagulant is insufficient or fails to extend the coagulation time, centrifugation can cause fibrin precipitation.

3-(cyclohexylamine)-1-Propanesulfonic acid, referred to as CAPS, is an important chemical raw material. There are two types of manufacturers, one is for industrial purposes, the purity is relatively low, and the impurity content is too much. It is specifically for the field of biochemical reagents, with high purity and low impurity content. There are also two types involved.   English name) :3-(cyclohexylamine)-1-propanesulfonic acid Chinese name: 3-(cyclohexylamine)-1-propanesulfonic acid Abbreviation: CAPS CAS:1135-40-6 113-40-6 Molecular weight :221.32 Molecular formula :C9H19NO3S Storage conditions:Room temperature, protected from light and moisture Chemical structure: In the industrial field: It is mainly used to improve water-based coatings. In water-based polyisocyanate coatings, after adding CAPS, its sulfonic acid group reacts with the tertiary amine neutralizer to form sulfonic acid urea derivatives. The isocyanate coating after stability is better, the finished product is not turbid, and the dispersion state of forming latex in water is good.   In addition to being used in water-based coatings, CAPS is also often used in the manufacture of soldering fluxes, heat exchange carriers for air-conditioning equipment, raw materials for lithium metal manufacturing processes, pyrotechnics, dry batteries, etc., which are widely used. CAPS reagent In the field of biochemistry: Mainly used as a biological buffer, because it is a sulfamate, it has amphotericity and can maintain the pH of the reaction system, so it has a buffering effect. The buffer range is 9.7-11.1. CAPS itself is slightly acidic. Weigh a certain amount to make an aqueous solution during configuration, then mix it with sodium hydroxide solution in proportion, and adjust the proportion according to the required pH.   When used as a buffer, CAPS is mainly used in WB experimental protein electrophoresis buffer, and is suitable for high molecular weight proteins. CAPS electrophoresis buffer is composed of CAPS, EDTA and methanol. It can be used for protein separation, protein PVDF transfer membrane, protein sequencing. It is not suitable for nylon membrane. Tris electrophoresis solution for nylon membrane. In addition, CAPS is also used in buffers for HPLC separation of basic drugs.   Desheng Technology is a manufacturer specializing in the production of CAPS reagents. Its products are mainly used as buffers in the biochemical field. It can also provide industrial-grade CAPS. The reagent grade has high purity and low impurity content. It can be directly used in kits. Other buffers such as Bicine, Tris, MOPS, etc. are also widely recognized.

Hubei New Desheng was established in 2017. It is a new technology-based enterprise established on the basis of Wuhan Desheng Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd. (2005). It is specialized in the research, development, production and sales of blood collection tube additives and blood test reagents. In terms of blood collection tube additives, it has formed its own intellectual property rights and professional production research and development capabilities. Has accumulated rich knowledge and experience in the pretreatment of blood specimens and has professional technical service advantages.     The company mainly includes: anticoagulant products of blood samples: heparin sodium and lithium heparin; materials used for pretreatment of blood samples: separation gel; raw materials for diagnostic reagents 1. Types of blood collection tube additives: Blood collection tube additives are divided into anticoagulants, coagulants, siliconizing agents, separating gels, anti-blood glucose decomposers, and blood cell preservation solutions. (1) Anticoagulant: EDTA salt (disodium, dipotassium, tripotassium), heparin salt (heparin sodium, lithium heparin), sodium citrate, potassium oxalate, etc. (2) Accelerator: There are coagulant powder and coagulant (solution type). It is usually a compound of silica powder and various inorganic materials, and some manufacturers use a compound of inorganic powder and thrombin. Thrombin promotes fast coagulation, but its stability is relatively poor, and it requires relatively harsh storage conditions. Generally, it is good to be stable for half a year. Therefore, some institutions improve their stability by modifying thrombin. In addition, thrombin has an effect on some detection indicators and is only used in emergency biochemical tests. (3) Silicide: Our company's silicide is divided into oily and water-based silicide. The oily silicifying agent has good silicidation effect, but the outer wall of the test tube is easy to stick, which makes it difficult to label or the label is easy to fall off. In addition, it is required to be used in conjunction with petroleum ether, which has a large taste and high risk; The outer wall can be washed with water to remove the silicide from the outer wall. (4) Separation gel: It is the substance that separates serum (plasma) and blood cells. The separation gel can be used in combination with heparin salt, EDTA salt, sodium citrate, etc. The separation gel is used to prepare high-quality specimens and to store and transport specimens. (5) Anti-glycemic decomposition agent: sodium fluoride or potassium fluoride is generally used. (6) ACD solution: blood preservation solution, which is a compound of sodium citrate, citric acid and glucose, etc. It is mainly used for the preservation of blood in blood banks.   2 Blood anticoagulants: including EDTA salt, heparin salt, sodium citrate, potassium oxalate, etc. (1) EDTA salt: EDTA disodium, dipotassium, tripotassium, etc. Generally, EDTA salt is used for anticoagulation in routine blood tests. It is an excellent complexing agent that can combine with calcium ions in the blood, thereby preventing blood from clotting. Because of its poor solubility, EDTA sodium salt is basically no longer used. EDTA salt requires analytical purity, no impurities and heavy metal ions exceed the standard, dipotassium and tripotassium contain two crystal water, dipotassium molecular weight 404.6, PH value between 3.8-5.8, tripotassium molecular weight 464.4, between 5.8-7.8 between. Potassium salt has good solubility, fast dissolution rate, strong complexing ability, and can quickly play an anticoagulant effect. It is an ideal anticoagulant. The industry standard stipulates that 1.5-2.2 mg EDTA salt is added per ml of blood for anticoagulation. (2) Heparin salts: including sodium heparin and lithium heparin. The principle of heparin salt anticoagulation is that heparin salt molecules can combine with lysine in the blood to prevent it from activating thrombin and achieve the purpose of anticoagulation. Blood electrolyte testing uses heparin anticoagulation, adding 9-24IU heparin per ml of blood, and the amount of heparin anticoagulation required for micro blood collection tubes is 14IU per ml of blood. For blood gas detection, lithium heparin is generally used for anticoagulation, because lithium heparin has the least interference with blood gas detection. (3) Sodium citrate: alias sodium citrate. The chemical name is sodium citrate dihydrate, molecular formula Na3C6H5O7·2H2O, molecular weight 294.1, is a complexing agent, it can complex with calcium ions in the blood to form stable calcium citrate, thus preventing the start of blood coagulation mechanism, To achieve the purpose of anticoagulation. Sodium citrate was used as the anticoagulant in the determination of the four items of coagulation and erythrocyte sedimentation rate. (4) Potassium oxalate: It is also a complexing agent that can combine with calcium ions in the blood to form a stable complex, thereby preventing blood coagulation. Molecular formula: (COOK) 2. H2O, molecular weight 184.23, analytically pure reagent, white crystals, easily soluble in water. It is used with sodium fluoride when measuring blood sugar, and the dosage is 1.5-2.2mg per ml of blood. After anticoagulation, the blood is centrifuged, and the resulting supernatant is plasma. The main difference between plasma and serum is that plasma contains fibrinogen, while serum does not contain fibrin.   3 Blood coagulant: When performing blood biochemical testing, serum is used as the test object, and blood coagulant is used to rapidly coagulate the blood to improve the detection efficiency. (1) Accelerating powder: The main component is a compound of silica powder and other inorganic powders. The principle of promoting coagulation is to activate the blood coagulation mechanism through the introduction of calcium ions and promote the rapid coagulation of blood. (2) Accelerator: The coagulant powder is formulated as a liquid accelerator. The accelerator is more convenient for customers to use automated production lines for production, and can add the accelerator to the test tube more accurately and quickly.   4 Silicide: It is divided into water-soluble silicide and oily silicide.   5 Separation glue: There are several kinds of separation glues on the market. According to different systems, they are divided into silicone rubber system (represented by Jiean and the company's first generation separation glue), acrylic system (taken by the company's second generation separation glue and Yangpu separation Glue as the representative) and resin system (represented by the company's fourth-generation separation glue, water-separating separation glue and Fuji-Shanghai separation glue). Several types of separation gels have their own advantages and disadvantages. Resin system separation gels represent the future development direction of separation gels.   (1) Key performance indicators of separation gel: A. Specific gravity: 1.045-1.065g/cm3, between the specific gravity of serum (plasma) and blood cells. PRP test tubes have two specific gravity of 1.055 and 1.078, which are used to separate platelet and serum components respectively;   B. Viscosity: between 100,000 and 200,000 yuan (dynamic viscosity measured by rotary viscometer). C. Thixotropy: When the object (such as paint) is sheared, the consistency becomes smaller. When the shear stops, the consistency increases or when the shear stops, the consistency becomes larger. When the shear stops, the consistency becomes smaller. The nature of a touch. This is the key to the separation gel that can form an isolation layer under the action of centrifugal force.   D. Physiological inertness: The separation gel is in direct contact with the blood and cannot react with the blood. Otherwise, it will affect the blood composition and cause a significant difference in the test results, leading to misdiagnosis. Blood cells are a particularly delicate substance, and a little carelessness will most likely cause hemolysis and affect the accuracy of the test results. E. Irradiation resistance: The blood collection tube requires sterility, and it is generally sterilized by gamma irradiation. After the separation gel is irradiated with gamma rays, its performance cannot change significantly, including specific gravity, viscosity, thixotropy, and physiological inertness. Generally, gamma rays are generated by the cobalt 60 radioactive element, and the radiation dose is generally in the range of 8-25KGY; the radiation dose is determined by the initial number of colonies in the blood collection tube. G. Stability: On the one hand, it requires the stability of the separation gel for long-term storage, and it needs to be stable for at least two years. In addition, there can be no reaction between the separation gel and the various additives in the blood collection tube, which affects the effectiveness of the reagent and thus affects the blood test.   In addition, there are other properties, such as separation gel bubbles, volatile small molecules, impurities, etc., must meet the requirements, otherwise it will cause trouble to customers. Usage and dosage of separating gel: In the past, separating gel was mainly used for serum biochemical detection, that is, separating gel and blood coagulant were used together. With the development of blood collection tube technology and inspection requirements, more and more blood collection tubes are beginning to use separation gel test tubes. At present, there are already blood test tubes (separation gel + potassium salt anticoagulation tube), electrolyte test tubes (separation gel + heparin salt), blood coagulation test tubes (separation gel + sodium citrate) and other types of blood collection tubes using separation gel. These aspects have driven the increasing use of separation gels.   Generally, 0.8-1.2g of separation gel is added to each blood collection tube to form a separation layer of at least 5mm between different components of blood to ensure the high quality of blood samples. Each kilogram of separation gel can produce 800-1200 blood collection tubes, and one ton of separation gel can produce 800-1.2 million blood collection tubes. For a blood collection tube enterprise with an annual output of 500 million tubes, the proportion of separation gel test tubes is about 30%, which requires about 190-220 tons of separation gel, and an average of about 15 tons of separation gel per month. Enterprises with an annual output of 100 million blood collection tubes have an annual separation gel consumption of 35-40 tons, and a monthly separation gel consumption of 3-3.5 tons, and this demand is still increasing.   Now, the vast majority of blood collection tube manufacturers use automatic glue machine to add glue. The procedure of adding glue is: add blood from blood collection tube-stand for 3-5 days-evacuate-centrifuge to remove bubbles-irradiation sterilization-detect bubbles-re-centrifuge   Desheng is positioned as a professional manufacturer and service provider of blood test reagents and polymer materials, and provides professional services and high-quality products for blood collection tubes, diagnostic reagent manufacturers and polymer material companies at home and abroad.

Carbomer 940 is a high-molecular polymer cross-linked with acrylic acid and propylene sucrose or propylene pentaerythritol. Carbomer was first produced by Goodrich Company of the United States under the trade name Carbopol. The appearance is white loose powder with moisture absorption Sexual and characteristic slight odor, soluble in water, ethanol, glycerin, because the molecule contains 56%-58% carboxyl group, so it is weakly acidic, carbomer is an excellent medicinal auxiliary, widely used in cosmetics In the production of pharmaceuticals, carbomer is mainly used as a thickener, adhesive, gel, suspension base and matrix material for controlled-release preparations in pharmaceuticals. There are many models of carbomer, the most widely used is carbomer 940. When we prepare carbomer 940 gel, various problems will occur. The most common thing is to generate a lot of bubbles. Many people take it for granted that defoamers can be added, but we have to consider from the perspective of drug safety. Don't use the auxiliary materials that may have safety risks to solve the problems that are solved by improving the production process. Use stirring and vacuum emulsifiers to solve them first. It is really impossible to use other methods.   carbomer 940   common problem: 1. Bubbles: The swelling carbomer first disperses the powder in water with a high-speed mixer, and there are also two methods of stirring while adding, but in the experiment, it was found that both will generate a large number of bubbles. In addition, when the carbomer swells into a colloid Later, when dissolving the related drugs, a large number of bubbles will also be introduced. We can use the following methods to solve: ①Pre-soaking method: 24 hours in advance, first add carbomer in deionized water to dissolve according to the actual production requirements, without stirring, after carbomer naturally absorbs water, there is no white powder on the surface, and no white solution The agglomerates are subject to mixing. After mixing, add a neutralizer to adjust the PH value to about 7 to achieve a thickened state. Stir evenly with a disperser at a low speed. ②Homogenizer: Add to the homogenizer according to the actual production ratio to homogenize so that no white balls can be seen, then add a neutralizer and wait for the gel to form, then use a vacuum emulsifier to evacuate the air from the gel.   2. Produce flocculation and affect transparency: In some gels, in order to increase permeability, antiseptic, and solubilization, ethanol is often added as an additive, such as disinfection and no-clean gel, in which ethanol is the main component, the content may be up to about 75% . Carbomer gel is essentially an aqueous polymer solution. The reason why the polymer solution is stable is because of the presence of a hydration film on the surface of the particle. The addition of a strong hydrophilic non-electrolyte (such as ethanol) will cause the polymer solution to flocculate. Carbomer ethanol gels are prepared by different operating processes. The ethanol concentration of the finished product has different high limits. When the ethanol concentration is too high, the finished gel will produce a little opalescence, which reduces the transparency of the gel. However, if the ethanol content is 70%, In the finished rubber product, slowly add 2% purified water and stir. Compared with the finished product before the addition, the opalescence is significantly reduced. This method has a certain effect on improving the appearance transparency of the finished product.   Desheng warm reminder: The dispersion time of carbomer 940 in water is related to the water temperature and water quality. It is recommended to use deionized water to make the product more stable. It will take longer to dissolve in organic solutes. The carbomer 940 takes about 8 hours to soak. The specific dissolution time is related to the amount of dissolution.