Do you know the ratio of sodium citrate to blood in a coagulation test?

Hematuria is a routine test in clinical laboratories used to evaluate the functional status of the blood coagulation system. These tests are of great significance for diagnosing bleeding disorders, monitoring anticoagulation, and preoperative patient evaluation. Among them, sodium citrate is a commonly used anticoagulant that plays an indispensable role in coagulation tests.

Basic principle of sodium citrate

Sodium citrate is a trisodium salt that can bind with calcium ions in the blood to form insoluble complexes, thereby inhibiting the coagulation process of the blood. This characteristic makes sodium citrate an important anticoagulant in coagulation tests. Sodium citrate not only stabilizes blood samples, but also inhibits the activity of certain coagulation factors such as factor V and factor VIII, which is crucial for accurate coagulation function testing.

Ratio of sodium citrate to blood

The ratio of sodium citrate to blood is a very important parameter in coagulation tests. To ensure the anticoagulation of the sample and maintain the stability of coagulation factors, the recommended ratio is 1:9, which means adding 1 milliliter of 3.2% concentration sodium citrate solution to every 9 milliliters of blood. This ratio can ensure sufficient anticoagulant effect and will not interfere with subsequent test results due to excessive anticoagulant.

The Importance of Proportion

1. Ensure anticoagulant effect: The correct ratio can ensure that the blood sample is adequately anticoagulated, avoiding coagulation of the sample during the testing process.

2. Inhibition of coagulation factor activity: An appropriate concentration of sodium citrate can help inhibit the activity of coagulation factors, which is crucial for coagulation tests.

3. Avoid excessive use of anticoagulants: If too many anticoagulants are added, it may cause problems with the blood sample and affect the accuracy of the test results.

4. Preventing false positive results: Improper proportion of sodium citrate may also lead to false positive results with prolonged clotting time, thereby affecting clinical judgment.

Application of Sodium Citrate Anticoagulant Tube

In the laboratory, sodium citrate anticoagulant tubes are widely used in multiple coagulation tests, including but not limited to:

1. Prothrombin Time (PT)

2. Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (APTT)

3. Quantification of fibrinogen

4. Thrombin Time (TT)

Sample collection and processing

1. Collection: When collecting blood samples, anticoagulant tubes containing an appropriate proportion of sodium citrate should be used. Usually, there are clear markings on anticoagulant tubes indicating the volume of blood added.

2. Avoid hemolysis: During the collection and processing of samples, mechanical stress should be minimized as much as possible to avoid hemolysis, as hemolysis can affect the accuracy of test results.

In summary, sodium citrate is an important anticoagulant in coagulation tests, and its ratio to blood has a decisive impact on ensuring the quality of samples and the accuracy of test results. The correct ratio can not only ensure anticoagulant effect, but also inhibit the activity of coagulation factors, thereby obtaining reliable detection results. Therefore, it is essential to strictly adhere to the recommended ratios and correct sample processing methods when conducting coagulation tests.

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