Wuhan Desheng Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd

Luminol, as a classic chemiluminescence reagent, is widely used in fields such as forensic medicine and biological detection, but its luminescence efficiency is often constrained by multiple factors. This article analyzes the core reasons for its low efficiency from four aspects: reagent preservation, reaction system, experimental operation, and environmental interference. 1, Improper storage of reagents: oxidation and purity degradation Luminol is highly sensitive to light and oxygen. If not sealed in a brown opaque bottle, light will trigger a photochemical reaction and damage the molecular structure; Long term exposure to air can oxidize and produce by-products such as carbonyl compounds. These impurities competitively consume reactive oxygen species (such as hydroxyl radicals) in the reaction system, reducing luminescence efficiency. For example, copper ion (Cu ² ⁺) impurities can form complexes with luminol, hindering its contact with hydrogen peroxide; Residual organic solvents, such as dimethylformamide, may inhibit peroxidase (POD) activity. 2, Imbalance of reaction system: dual regulation of catalyst and acidity/alkalinity Luminol luminescence relies on the process of its oxidation to form 3-aminophthalates, which requires a synergistic effect of catalyst and oxidant. If the concentration or type of catalyst is not appropriate, it can directly lead to an imbalance in reaction rate. For example, the optimal pH for POD is 7.0-8.0, while luminol luminescence requires alkaline conditions (pH 10-12). Excessive sodium hydroxide (NaOH) can damage the POD structure and render it inactive; Insufficient alkalinity prevents the activation of the hydrazide group of luminol, hindering the oxidation reaction. The concentration control of non enzyme catalysts (such as potassium ferrocyanide) is also crucial. When the concentration of iron ions (Fe ³ ⁺) is too high, it will trigger an "instant flash" of luminol, and the reactants will be completely consumed in a very short time, making it impossible to continuously detect the luminescent signal. The data shows that when the concentration of Fe ³ ⁺ exceeds 0.1 mmol/L, the luminescence half-life of luminol is shortened from 120 seconds to less than 5 seconds, significantly reducing the reliability of signal acquisition. 3, Experimental operation error: details determine success or failure The standardization of experimental operations directly affects the luminescence efficiency of luminol. Pipette error is a common problem: an uncalibrated pipette may cause the concentration of luminol to deviate from the theoretical value by more than 20%, thereby affecting the luminescence intensity. Incorrect order of reagent addition can also cause abnormal reactions, such as adding hydrogen peroxide (H ₂ O ₂) first and then dissolving luminol, which can lead to excessive local H ₂ O ₂ concentration and rapid decomposition of luminol into non luminescent products. Uneven stirring is particularly prominent in small volume reaction systems, such as microfluidic chips. If the stirring speed is insufficient or the time is too short, the contact between luminol and oxidant is not sufficient, forming a concentration gradient, causing the luminescent signal to exhibit a distribution characteristic of "center bright, edge dark", reducing the overall detection sensitivity. 4, Environmental interference: invisible killers of light and oxygen The influence of environmental factors on the luminescence of luminol is often underestimated. Strong background light (such as laboratory fluorescent lamps) can excite the fluorescent background of luminol, masking weak chemiluminescence signals. Research has shown that under 500 lux lighting conditions, the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of luminol decreases by 60% compared to dark environments, resulting in ineffective detection of low concentration samples (such as 10 ⁻⁹ mol/L). Excessive oxygen content is also detrimental. Although the oxidation of luminol requires oxygen, excessive oxygen can accelerate side reactions (such as hydrogen peroxide dismutation) and reduce the generation of reactive oxygen species. High humidity environments may cause luminol powder to absorb moisture and clump, reducing solubility and reactivity. Experiments have found that when the relative humidity is greater than 80%, the luminescence intensity of luminol can lose up to 40% within 24 hours. As a manufacturer of chemiluminescence reagents such as luminol, Desheng can supply high-purity raw material powders. This high-purity luminol powder not only ensures the accuracy of experimental results, but also improves the sensitivity and stability of luminescence. At the same time, the company is committed to providing customers with high-quality products and services to meet the growing demands of scientific research and the market. If you have any recent purchasing needs, please click on the website to inquire about details and make a purchase!

Bicine is a commonly used buffer in laboratories, mainly used to maintain the pH stability of solutions. It plays an important role in protein research, enzyme experiments, and electrophoresis analysis. However, many people may not know that the stability of Bicine buffer is affected by temperature. If the storage method is not careful, it may lead to inaccurate experimental data. Today, let's talk about how to properly store Bicine buffer to ensure its optimal performance. Basic characteristics of Bicine buffer solution Bicine, also known as N, N-di (2-hydroxyethyl) glycine, is a mild buffering agent suitable for use in the pH range of 7.6-9.0. Its advantages are low toxicity and strong buffering capacity, so it is widely used in biological experiments. However, like many chemical reagents, Bicine is not completely stable, especially at higher temperatures where its effectiveness may be compromised. The Effect of Temperature on Bicine High temperature will reduce the stability of Bicine If Bicine is placed in a high-temperature environment (such as room temperature in summer or near heating equipment), its molecular structure may change over time, leading to a decrease in buffering capacity. Experiments have shown that after being stored at 50 ° C for a few days, the pH value of Bicine solution may undergo significant changes, affecting the experimental results. Low temperature storage can extend the lifespan of Bicine On the contrary, if Bicine is stored in a refrigerator (4 ° C), its stability will be greatly improved. Bicine can remain unchanged for several months or even longer in low-temperature environments. If long-term storage is required (more than six months), freezing (-20 ° C) storage can also be chosen, but attention should be paid to avoiding repeated freeze-thaw cycles, otherwise it may affect the effectiveness of use. How to store Bicine buffer solution correctly? To ensure the optimal performance of Bicine, it is recommended to take the following measures: 1. Store in refrigerator: The prepared Bicine buffer is best kept in a refrigerator at 4 ° C to avoid high temperature environments. 2. Avoid light storage: Ultraviolet rays in sunlight may affect the stability of Bicine. It is recommended to use brown bottles or aluminum foil wrapped containers. 3. Prepare with purified water: Ordinary tap water may contain metal ions, which may accelerate the decomposition of Bicine, so it is best to use high-purity distilled water or deionized water. 4. Ready to use: If the experiment requires a high pH value, it is recommended to prepare it fresh before each use to avoid long-term storage. 5. Regularly check the pH value: If the buffer solution has been stored for a long time, it is best to measure the pH value again before use to ensure that it still meets the experimental requirements. summarize Bicine is a very practical buffer, but its stability is affected by temperature. High temperature may cause it to fail, while low-temperature storage can greatly extend its service life. Therefore, when using Bicine in the laboratory, it is important to pay attention to storage conditions to ensure that it always remains in its optimal state. This way, our experimental data will be more accurate and reliable. Hubei Xindesheng Material Technology Co., Ltd. is a manufacturer of bicine buffering agents. The company was established in 2005 and has been committed to the research and development of biological buffering agents for more than ten years. Not only has it established its own research and development team, but it has also achieved important results in this field. Currently, the company produces and sells more than 30 types of biological buffering agents, with a complete range of products. Welcome customers who are interested in purchasing to inquire and learn more!

In research fields such as biochemistry and molecular biology, buffer solution is a key element in maintaining the stability of experimental systems, and Tris buffer solution has become one of the widely used buffer systems in laboratories due to its unique properties. A deep understanding of the characteristics of Tris buffer is crucial for accurate preparation and use of the buffer, as well as ensuring the reliability of experimental results. Tris, That is, trihydroxymethylaminomethane, itself is a weak base. When it dissolves in water, it releases hydroxide ions, making the aqueous solution alkaline. This characteristic determines that hydrochloric acid is usually used to adjust the pH value when preparing Tris buffer, rather than sodium hydroxide. This is because hydrochloric acid, as a strong acid, can undergo a neutralization reaction with the alkalinity of Tris, thereby precisely controlling the pH of the buffer solution. By gradually adding hydrochloric acid and monitoring the pH value of the solution in real-time, researchers can adjust Tris buffer to the desired pH range to meet the requirements of different experiments. For example, in DNA extraction and purification experiments, it is often necessary to adjust the pH of Tris buffer to between 7.5-8.0 to ensure the stability and activity of DNA. The unique structure of Tris molecule endows it with some special chemical properties. Its molecular structure contains an amino group, which has certain reactivity and can undergo condensation reactions with aldehydes. Condensation reaction is an organic chemical reaction in which an amino group combines with an aldehyde group to form a new chemical bond and release water molecules. In systems containing aldehydes, the use of Tris buffer may trigger this condensation reaction. This not only consumes Tris buffer, resulting in a decrease in the buffering capacity of the buffer, but may also produce some by-products that interfere with the experimental system. For example, in some biomarker experiments, reagents containing aldehyde groups may be used to label biomolecules. If Tris buffer is used at this time, it may affect the labeling effect and even lead to experimental failure. In addition to the above characteristics, Tris buffer also has good buffering performance. It can effectively resist the influence of foreign acids or bases within a certain pH range and maintain the stability of the solution pH. This buffering performance makes Tris buffer play an important role in many biochemical reactions, such as enzymatic reactions, protein crystallization, etc. In enzymatic reactions, an appropriate pH value is the key to enzyme activity, and Tris buffer can provide a stable pH environment for enzymes to efficiently catalyze the reaction. In protein crystallization experiments, Tris buffer can help maintain the pH stability of protein solutions, promote the ordered arrangement of protein molecules, and thus improve the success rate and quality of crystallization. However, despite the many advantages of Tris buffer, there are also some issues to be aware of when using it. In addition to avoiding use in systems containing aldehydes, attention should also be paid to the storage conditions of Tris buffer. Tris buffer should be stored in a dry, cool place, away from direct sunlight and high temperatures to prevent it from deteriorating. In summary, Tris buffer has been widely used in scientific research due to its weak alkalinity and excellent buffering performance. But in the process of use, we also need to fully understand its characteristics, pay attention to relevant usage restrictions and precautions, to ensure the smooth progress of the experiment and the accuracy of the results. Hubei Xindesheng Material Technology Co., Ltd. is a manufacturer of diagnostic reagent raw materials, which can provide various biological buffering agents, including Tris, Tris HCl, Bis Tris, Bicine, TAPS and other reagents. If you need to purchase, please feel free to contact us at any time!

In many scientific research fields such as biochemistry and cell biology, buffer solution is a key element in maintaining the stability of experimental systems. It can regulate the acidity and alkalinity of the solution, providing a suitable environment for various biochemical reactions and cell culture. However, the performance of a buffer solution is not solely determined by its buffering capacity. The three factors of concentration, ion strength, and osmotic pressure are intertwined and jointly affect the experimental results. The concentration of buffer solution is closely related to the buffering effect. Generally speaking, the higher the concentration of the buffer solution, the stronger its buffering capacity. This is because the conjugated acid-base pairs in the buffer solution increase in concentration, which can more effectively neutralize foreign acids or bases, thereby maintaining the stability of the solution pH. For example, an appropriate pH value is crucial for enzymes to exert their activity during enzymatic reactions. A high concentration buffer can better resist the acid-base changes generated during the reaction process, ensuring that the enzyme efficiently catalyzes the reaction in a stable pH environment. But this does not mean that a higher concentration of buffer solution is better. In practical applications, we need to comprehensively consider the effects of ion strength and osmotic pressure on the reaction system. Ionic strength refers to the measurement of ion concentration in a solution, which affects the interactions between charged particles in the solution. When the concentration of the buffer solution is too high, the ion strength will also increase accordingly. Excessive ion strength may alter the conformation of biomolecules such as proteins and nucleic acids, affecting their activity and function. For example, in protein crystallization experiments, excessively high ion strength may lead to protein aggregation or precipitation, thereby affecting the quality and success rate of crystallization. Osmotic pressure is also a factor that cannot be ignored. Osmotic pressure refers to the attraction of solute particles in a solution to water, which is particularly important for biological experiments such as cell culture. Cells live in a specific osmotic pressure environment, and high or low osmotic pressure can cause damage to cells. Taking the preparation of tissue cell culture medium with HEPES as buffer as an example, HEPES has good buffering performance and can maintain the pH stability of the solution over a wide pH range. However, when determining the concentration of HEPES buffer, we must also consider the effect of the osmotic pressure of the culture medium on the cells. If the concentration of HEPES is too high, it can cause an increase in the osmotic pressure of the culture medium, and cells may shrink or even die due to dehydration; On the contrary, if the concentration is too low, the buffering capacity is insufficient, and the pH stability of the culture medium cannot be maintained, it will affect the normal growth and metabolism of cells. In order to find a balance between buffering capacity, ion strength, and osmotic pressure, researchers need to conduct a series of optimization experiments. By adjusting the concentration of the buffer, observe its effect on the reaction system, and monitor changes in ion strength and osmotic pressure. For example, gradient dilution method can be used to prepare buffer solutions of different concentrations, and then experiments such as enzyme activity measurement and cell growth curve drawing can be conducted to determine the optimal buffer solution concentration. In summary, the concentration, ion strength, and osmotic pressure of the buffer solution are interrelated. In experimental design and operation, we should not only focus on the buffering capacity of the buffer solution, but also comprehensively consider these three factors, and create a stable and suitable environment for biochemical reactions and cell culture through reasonable optimization and adjustment, in order to obtain accurate and reliable experimental results. Hubei Xindesheng Material Technology Co., Ltd. is a manufacturer of diagnostic reagent raw materials, which can provide various biological buffering agents, including Tris, Tris HCl, Bis Tris, Bicine, TAPS and other reagents. If you need to purchase, please feel free to contact us at any time!