China Wuhan Desheng Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd Company News

Blood sample detection must be well known by all of us. Basically, many clinical research projects will be involved as indicators to evaluate safety. Some disease-related markers and specific tests will also be carried out through blood samples. Desheng would like to share with you the contents of blood sample collection and preservation.   Blood composition   Blood is mainly composed of plasma and blood cells (so-called blood cells). After the blood is treated with coagulant, it can be found that plasma and blood cells are obviously divided into two parts after centrifugation or standing for a period of time in a centrifuge. Blood cells are deposited at the bottom because of heavy weight, and the yellow transparent liquid suspended above the red blood cells is plasma.   If the blood is naturally coagulated without anticoagulant treatment, the blood will be divided into two parts. The three visible components of red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets are precipitated below; the clear and transparent light yellow liquid floating above is serum, which does not contain blood cells and fibrinogen.     Blood sample collection   1. (common serum tube) - red head cover, no additive in the blood collection vessel, used for routine serum biochemistry, blood bank (before blood storage, it is necessary to test various indicators of blood to determine whether it is qualified, the additive will affect the test results, so there is no additive in the blood collection vessel) and serological related tests.   2. (rapid serum tube) - orange red head cap, coagulant in the blood collection vessel, which can activate fibrin, change soluble fibrin into insoluble fibrin polymer, and then form stable fibrin clot. The rapid serum tube can coagulate the collected blood within 5 minutes, which is suitable for emergency serum series test.   3. (Inert separation gel coagulation accelerator tube)-golden head cap, inert separation gel and coagulant added in the blood collection tube After the specimen is centrifuged, the serum separating gel can completely separate the liquid components (serum or plasma) and the solid components (red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets, fibrin, etc.) in the blood and completely accumulate in the center of the test tube to form a barrier. The specimen is within 48 hours keep it steady. A coagulant can quickly activate the coagulation mechanism and accelerate the coagulation process, and is suitable for emergency serum biochemical tests.   4. (heparin anticoagulant tube) - green cap, with heparin added into the blood collection vessel. It is suitable for hemorheology, red blood cell fragility test, blood gas analysis, hematocrit test and ordinary biochemical test. Heparin has the function of antithrombin and can prolong the clotting time of samples, so it is not suitable for hemagglutination test. Excessive heparin can cause leukocyte aggregation and cannot be used for leukocyte count.   5. (plasma separation tube) - light green head cover, adding heparin lithium anticoagulant in inert separation tube, can achieve the purpose of rapid separation of plasma, is the best choice for electrolyte detection, can also be used for routine plasma biochemical determination and ICU and other emergency plasma biochemical detection. The plasma samples can be directly put on the machine and kept stable for 48 hours under cold storage.   6. (EDTA anticoagulant tube) - Purple head cap. The anticoagulant is ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA). It can combine with calcium ion in blood to form chelate, which makes Ca2 + lose coagulation and prevent blood coagulation. It is suitable for many kinds of hematological examination. However, EDTA can affect platelet aggregation and is not suitable for coagulation test, platelet function test, calcium ion, potassium ion, sodium ion, iron ion, alkaline phosphatase, creatine kinase and PCR test.   7. (sodium citrate coagulation test tube) - light blue head cap. Sodium citrate acts as anticoagulant mainly by chelating with calcium ions in blood samples. It is suitable for coagulation test.     8. (sodium citrate ESR test tube) - black head cover. The concentration of sodium citrate required for ESR test is 3.2% (equivalent to 0.109 mol / L), and the ratio of anticoagulant to blood is 1:4.   9. (potassium oxalate / sodium fluoride) - gray head cover, sodium fluoride is a weak effect anticoagulant, usually combined with potassium oxalate or sodium ethyliodate, its ratio is 1 phr sodium fluoride, 3 phr potassium oxalate, it is a good preservative for blood glucose determination, can not be used for urea determination by Urease method, nor for alkaline phosphatase and amylase determination, it is recommended for blood glucose detection.   Handling and storage   The treatment of blood samples needs to be carried out according to the plan or the central laboratory manual. In this link, special attention should be paid to the different treatment conditions of blood samples, such as: blood routine can not be centrifuged; blood that can be stored for a long time, such as PK blood, must record the temperature record of the refrigerator, and always record the temperature log for all blood samples to ensure that the refrigerator thermometer is within the validity period

Biological buffers may be chemical substances that we know little about but are extremely important for our survival, whether acetic acid and sodium acetate, sodium bicarbonate and carbonic acid, sodium dihydrogen phosphate and disodium dihydrogen phosphate exist in our body, or Tris and other buffers used in biological experiments, or HEPES buffer are added in chemical experiments to control reactions. They are used in another field The world helps us. Today, Desheng Xiaobian brings you to know the ubiquitous biological buffer.   Package of Desheng biological buffer in big barrel   No.1-Trometamol Tris is the most widely supplied biological buffer in the market, and it is also an important pharmaceutical intermediate, API and so on. The annual consumption is calculated by 10000 tons.   No.2-bicine (n, n-dihydroxyethylglycine) Bicine is a very important buffer for low temperature biochemical environment, which can be used to prepare stable substrate solution. It is one of the few buffers that can be used in special environment.   No.3 HEPES (4-hydroxyethyl piperazine ethanesulfonic acid) Nontoxic and harmless biological buffer, which can keep constant pH for a long time, is loved by cell Culturers. It is also widely used in the field of cosmetics.   No.4 caps (3 - (cyclohexylamine) - 1-propanesulfonic acid) Commonly used biological buffers, the most common place is in a variety of detection kits, such as biochemical diagnostic kits, DNA / RNA extraction kits, which are commonly used as buffers. In addition, its application in nucleic acid extraction and water-based coatings market can not be underestimated.   No.5-mops (3-morphine propanesulfonic acid) Mops can not form complexes with most metal ions, so it is suitable for buffer in solution containing metal ions. Mops is commonly used in the culture medium of bacteria, yeast and mammalian cells. Mops can also be used as running buffer in electrophoresis and buffer in protein purification chromatography.     As an enterprise integrating R & D, production, sales and service, Desheng is committed to providing customers with high-quality products and services Tris, bicine, HEPES, caps, mops, etc. can meet the special requirements of R & D customers for product types, packaging and purity. Desheng adheres to its own brand operation and has rich experience in the production and R & D of biological buffers. If you need to know more about biological buffers, please visit the official website of Desheng technology, website: wwww.whdsbio.com 。

TOOS, the full Chinese name of N-ethyl-N-(2-hydroxy-3-sulfopropyl)-3-methylaniline sodium salt, is a widely used color reagent, and is most commonly used in the new Trinder's reagent. TOOS is used in many clinical biochemical testing projects. This article will introduce which testing projects the color reagent TOOS can be used for.   Precautions for using TOOS   TOOS is reductive. Although peroxidase is needed for detection, the enzyme is its catalysis. Without enzyme, it may be slowly oxidized by the oxygen in the air after being prepared into a solution. . The chromogen substrate needs to be prepared into a solution when used. The chromogen substrate produced by Desheng is a pure white powder, sealed and stored. After the solution is prepared, it should be prepared for immediate use. It will be slowly oxidized and discolored if it is in contact with air for a long time.     The reaction principle of TOOS detecting uric acid   Uric acid + oxygen + water are catalyzed by uricase to generate allantoin + carbon dioxide + water; two molecules of water + 4-aminoantipyrine + TOOS are catalyzed by oxidase POD to generate quinone imine + four molecules of water. From here, you can see the ratio of TOOS to uric acid reaction, and then through the reference value of the uric acid result, you can estimate the amount of TOOS and the concentration range of the configuration solution   The concentration of TOOS used in biochemical testing   For different biochemical tests, the concentration is different, but if the test volume is the same, the concentration difference is not big. The concentration of the coloring substrate TOOS is usually about 1~5mmol/L, according to the molecular weight of 295.33, when preparing the solution , You only need to add 0.3~1.5 grams of TOOS per kilogram of water, and the amount required is relatively small.   What testing items can TOOS be used for   TOOS can be used in diagnostic reagents for blood glucose testing, routine liver function tests, blood lipid testing items such as triglycerides, and cholesterol testing. It is of great value in clinical diagnosis. TOOS not only has high sensitivity, but also has high absorption wavelength, color reaction intensity, and Good performance in terms of fading.   The TOOS chromogenic substrate developed by Desheng Technology has the characteristics of high purity, high water solubility, and less interference impurity ions. It is ready to use when used, which is very convenient; our TOOS has a better crystal shape than the current products on the market. , Crystal Yan The color is more pure and white, and the quality and service are widely praised!

In our biochemical experiments, such as Trinder's reaction of chromogen substrate, acridine ester of luminescent substrate and various enzyme reactions, we use biological buffers, such as bicine, Tris, mops, and the most basic acetate and phosphate buffer systems. It can be said that as long as there are pH requirements for the reaction environment, buffers are needed in the system. Buffer in delivery The reason why the buffer solution can adjust pH is that it is a weak electrolyte, which is partially dissociated in the solution and partially exists in the form of molecules, and does not show acidity and alkalinity. Its molecules form a dynamic equilibrium with their ionic conjugated acids or bases (pH = PKA + LG, dissociated concentration is higher than that of the non dissociated concentration). If the pH of the system changes, the sub dynamic equilibrium will move to reach a new equilibrium, thus adjusting the pH.   The effective buffer range of a buffer system is usually in the range of two pH units with pKa value as the midpoint, that is, the effective pH range of the buffer = pKa ± 1. Therefore, when the pH of the buffer solution is equal to the pKa of the buffer, the buffer capacity is the largest. If we want to design a new buffer system, we only need to find out and select the buffers whose pKa value is equal to the required pH value.   In biochemical experiments, there are many commonly used biological buffers. Phosphate is the most widely used and basic buffer in biochemical research. Phosphoric acid is a ternary acid. Because they are secondary dissociation and have two pKa values, the pH range of the buffer prepared with them is the widest, and potassium salt is better than sodium salt, because sodium salt is difficult to dissolve at low temperature and potassium salt is easy to dissolve, but if SDS is prepared- The buffer solution of polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis can only use sodium phosphate instead of potassium phosphate, because SDS (twelve alkyl sulfate) will produce insoluble twelve alkyl potassium sulfate with potassium salt.   Phosphate is easy to be prepared into various concentrations of buffer solution, suitable for a wide range of pH, pH is less affected by temperature, pH change after dilution is small, and pH change after ten times dilution is less than 0.1. However, in the solution system with metal ions, phosphoric acid system will associate with common Ca ions, Mg ions and heavy metal ions to form precipitation.   The Tris buffer produced by us has been used more and more in biochemical research, and has a tendency to exceed phosphate buffer. For example, Tris buffer has been used in SDS- polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and phosphate is rarely used. The ACD solution used in our PrP blood collection vessel needs sodium citrate and citric acid to adjust the pH. the citrate here not only regulates the osmotic pressure, but also acts as a buffer. It is also a ternary acid like phosphoric acid.

MOPS, or 3-morpholinopropanesulfonic acid, is a widely used and very important buffer. MOPS buffer itself belongs to Good's buffer, the buffer range is between 6.5~7.9, has good pH stability, is highly polar, is inert to a variety of chemical reagents and enzymes, does not participate in and does not interfere with the process of biochemical reactions, and is chemically resistant to enzymes. The reaction has no inhibitory effect, so it can be specially used for the research of organelles and extremely volatile, pH-sensitive proteins and enzymes.   The main application areas of MOPS   1. As a running buffer in electrophoresis and protein purification in chromatography;   2. Prepare a variety of agar media for the cultivation of bacteria, yeast and mammalian cells. However, higher than 20mM The concentration of is not recommended for mammalian cells;   3. It can be used as a lysis buffer for E. coli cells;   4. As the eluent in gel filtration chromatography;   5. Used in Northern hybridization, as a buffer for RNA isolation and membrane transfer;   6. Suitable for the determination of bicinchoninic acid (BCA);   7. Used in the study of electron transfer and phosphorylation of chloroplast thin layer preparation.     Precautions for using MOPS   1. MOPS biological buffer reagent is a zwitterionic buffer. If the dosage of MOPS is very small each time, it is generally used appropriately after appropriate dispensing.   2. Generally, the biological buffer can easily change the color of the liquid to yellow after encountering light, and the light yellow can be used.   If the color is too dark, it should not be used again.   3. The use of MOPS biological buffer reagent requires special attention. Production safety and personnel health must not be sloppy. Therefore, laboratory clothes should be worn well and disposable gloves should be worn for operation. Once the solution splashes into the eyes, or touches slightly, you must use a lot of water to rinse immediately, and go to the hospital immediately.     MOPS production method   The mainstream production method of MOPS is completed in the following six steps, which can save costs, reduce pollution, and avoid safety risks. The preparation method of this MOPS uses water as a solvent and no organic solvents are used in the process. While reducing production costs, it reduces the risk of health hazards to operators, and there is no trouble of recycling and processing organic solvents, and there is no problem of environmental pollution. The main steps are morpholine dissolution, reaction to generate 3-morpholinepropanesulfonic acid aqueous solution, dehydration to obtain crude 3-morpholinepropanesulfonic acid, crude product recrystallization, crystal suction filtration and concentration, cooling, crystallization, and 3-morpholinopropane The process of sulfonic acid.   Desheng is a diagnostic reagent raw material manufacturer with many years of R&D and production experience. The purity of MOPS products produced is ≥99%, the water solubility is good, the production process is stable, and it has a strict quality management system to ensure that it provides customers with high-quality products and services. The company's products have been sold to many countries around the world, please call for more details!

As a chemiluminescence reagent, luminol is widely used in blood detection. It was synthesized as early as 1853. Since Albrecht first reported the chemiluminescence reaction of luminol with oxidant in alkaline solution in 1928, it was found for the first time that this compound has a wonderful property, which can emit blue light when it is oxidized.   A few years later, someone thought of using this property to detect blood stains. The blood contains hemoglobin, and the oxygen we breathe in from the air is transported to all parts of the body by this protein. Hemoglobin contains iron, which catalyzes the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide, turning hydrogen peroxide into water and monooxygen, which then oxidizes luminol to make it glow.     When examining bloodstains, luminol reacts with heme, a protein responsible for transporting oxygen in hemoglobin, showing a blue-green fluorescence. This detection method is extremely sensitive. It can detect only one millionth of blood. Even if a small drop of blood drops into a large tank of water, it can be detected. The luminol reaction in criminal investigation, generally speaking, is that at the scene of a murder, as long as blood splashes out and touches any object, No matter what kind of cleaning method is used afterwards, as long as the luminol reagent is sprayed on it and observed in the dark environment, there will be blue and white fluorescence due to fluorescence reaction in the place with blood stains.   The disadvantages of luminol: 1. Luminol fluoresces in the presence of copper, copper containing alloys, horseradish or some bleaching agents. So if the crime scene is completely bleached, luminol's fluorescence will strongly mask the presence of any blood stains. 2. Luminol can detect a small amount of blood in animal blood and urine, so if there is urine or animal blood in the room to be tested, the test results will be biased. 3. Luminol reacts with excreta and emits the same light as blood. 4. Luminol may interfere with other tests, but luminol does not interfere with DNA extraction. 5. Luminol needs to be used in a dark environment, otherwise the fluorescence is difficult to identify 6. Luminol's time to shine is limited, so we should seize the time to take photos   There are several ways to avoid interference in inspection   1. Let the site dry for a few days, the interference of bleach will disappear, and the bloodstain can make luminol glow even after many years.   2. Use a compound that can inhibit the interference of hypochlorite. It's obvious that antioxidants should not be used because they will inhibit the reaction of blood stains with luminol. According to the chemical structure of hypochlorous acid, such as the chlorine atom it contains, suitable inhibitors have been found. The safest way is to use luminol luminescence method to detect the suspected bloodstain, and then use other methods to determine that it is indeed bloodstain. Moreover, after being treated by luminol, the DNA contained in the bloodstain has not been destroyed, and it can be extracted for identification.   Desheng is an old chemical reagent company specializing in the development and production of blood test reagents. Luminol is one of the most commonly used liquid-phase chemiluminescence reagents because of its simple structure, easy synthesis, good water solubility and high luminescent quantum efficiency.

Luminol is also called luminol and its chemical name is 3-aminophthalic hydrazide. It is often used in chemiluminescence immunoassay biochemical systems. The appearance is yellow crystal or beige powder at room temperature, which is a relatively stable chemical reagent. It is often used for blood testing in criminal investigation scenes. When luminol reagent is sprayed on the blood, it will oxidize with active oxygen and release blue-violet fluorescence, which is called luminol reaction.     The chemiluminescence analysis method is widely used in the direct determination of drugs and biochemical samples because of its high sensitivity, wide linear range, and simple instrument operation. Studies on the determination of ketotifen fumarate by chemiluminescence and electrochemiluminescence analysis have also been reported. However, the study on the determination of ketotifen fumarate based on potassium permanganate chemiluminescence system has not been reported. After experimentation, it is found that in alkaline medium, potassium permanganate can oxidize luminol to produce a luminescence signal, and ketotifen fumarate has a strong sensitizing effect on the luminescence signal.   For this reason, we conducted experiments and analyzed the following conclusions:   1 Flow injection chemiluminescence signal system of flow injection chemiluminescence signal.   In an alkaline medium, potassium permanganate can oxidize luminol to produce chemiluminescence. When ketotifen fumarate is added to the reaction system, the chemiluminescence intensity is significantly enhanced.   2 Chemiluminescence spectrum   The maximum emission wavelength of the two luminescence systems is about 425 nm, which is consistent with the maximum emission wavelength of the luminol luminophore, indicating that the luminophores of the two chemiluminescence systems are excited state 3-aminophthalate. The luminescence intensity of the luminol-potassium permanganate-ketotifen fumarate system is significantly higher than that of the luminol-potassium permanganate system, indicating that the addition of ketotifen fumarate enhances the sensitivity of luminol-permanganate The luminous intensity of the potassium acid system.    3 Selection of flow path and flow   After experimentation, it is found that different mixing modes of the solution have a great influence on the luminescence signal. The various flow paths of the selected system were compared. The influence of different flow rates on the luminescence signal of the system was investigated. The experiment shows that with the increase of the flow rate, it first increases and then decreases, and reaches the maximum value when the flow rate reaches 1.9 mL·min. The test selects the flow rate of each pipeline to be 1.9 mL·min.   4 Selection of the concentration of sodium hydroxide solution   In 0.02～0.3 mol·L-4. Within the scope, the influence of the concentration of sodium hydroxide solution on the luminescence intensity of the reaction system was investigated. The results show that when the concentration of sodium hydroxide solution is 0.05～0.15Mol·L-1, the maximum and basically unchanged, the test chooses the concentration of sodium hydroxide solution to be 0.1 Mol·L-4.   5 The choice of oxidant and its concentration   The experiment investigated the influence of different oxidants such as potassium permanganate, potassium ferricyanide, hydrogen peroxide, potassium periodate on the chemiluminescence signal of the system. The results show that when potassium permanganate is used as the oxidant, the chemiluminescence sensitivity signal value is large and stable. Its concentration is 5.0×10-4mol·L-1. Therefore, the concentration of potassium permanganate solution is 5.0×10-4mol·L-1.   6 Selection of the concentration of luminol solution   Luminol is the main luminescent substance, and its concentration has a greater impact on the luminous intensity, detection sensitivity, and linear range. The experiment investigated the influence of luminol solution concentration in the range of 2.0×10-4～1.0×10-4mol·L_1 on the luminescence signal of the system. The results showed that as the concentration of luminol solution increased, chemiluminescence The increasing intensity indicates that the concentration of the luminol solution should not be too large; if the concentration of the luminol solution is too small, the luminescence signal value is small and the stability is poor. In consideration of stability and sensitivity, the concentration of luminol solution was selected as 3.0×10-4mol·L-1.   Hubei Xindesheng Materials specializes in the production and development of chemiluminescence reagents, luminescent substrates, biological buffers, blood collection tube additives and enzyme preparations. Desheng has been established for decades and has its own R&D team. It has been researching and developing chemiluminescence reagents for many years. There are many kinds of raw chemical products under its control. At present, the products produced by Desheng have been sold to many countries around the world, and they have been repurchased with praise, and have reached long-term cooperation with many enterprises.

HEPES is a kind of nonionic amphoteric buffer. The main component of HEPES buffer is 2 - [4 - (2-hydroxyethyl) - 1-piperazinyl] ethanesulfonic acid. HEPES is a kind of nonionic amphoteric buffer with good buffering capacity in the range of pH 7.2-7.4. In this condition, the lid of the cell culture bottle should be tightened to prevent a small amount of carbonate needed in the culture medium from scattering into the air.   Most of the culture media contain phenol red as pH indicator. The acidic culture media are orange yellow, and the alkaline culture media are dark red. HEPES is expensive and may be toxic to some cells at high concentrations, HEPES can be used as buffer instead of bicarbonate to remove the limitation of high concentration of CO2 culture environment. In practice, it is not so simple. Dissolved CO2 and bicarbonate are also very important for good cell growth.   There are two ways to use HEPES   (1) HEPES can be directly added into the prepared culture medium according to the required concentration, and then filtered to remove bacteria. Add 2.38g HEPES into every 1000ml culture medium, adjust pH to 7.2 with LN NaOH after dissolving, filter and use after sterilization. The concentration of HEPES was 10 mmol / L.   (2) Before use, 99 ml of culture medium was added to 1 ml of storage medium, and the final concentration was still 10 mmol / L. Methods: 23.8g HEPES was dissolved in 90ml double distilled water, adjusted to pH 7.5-8.0 with LN NaOH, and then diluted to 100ml with water, filtered and sterilized, sub packed into small bottles (2ml / bottle), stored at 4 ℃ or - 20 ℃.     4-hydroxyethyl piperazine ethanesulfonic acid has no toxic effect on cells. It is a hydrogen ion buffer, which can control the constant pH range for a long time. When the final concentration is 10-50 mmol / L and the culture medium contains 20 mmol / L HEPES, the buffer capacity can be achieved. It can be used as biological buffer, reaction buffer, pre hybridization buffer and hybridization buffer for separation and analysis of RNA nuclear components, and for RNA and t4rna.   Molecular biology grade is used for RNA3 '- end labeling with t4rna ligase chemicalbook, separation and analysis of reaction buffer components, pre hybridization buffer and buffer components of nuclear RNA. Cell to cell adhesion, short-term cell aggregation culture, tissue and cell cleaning buffer.   Desheng began to develop and produce vascular additives, color reagents, chemiluminescent reagents and biological buffers in 2005. It has a long history of research on biological buffers, has a mature technology and R & D team, and has excellent sales service and logistics service. In addition to HEPES, there are Tris, caps, taps, bicine and pipes products for biological buffers. If you need to call, Desheng welcomes your call.

DNA radiation damage usually occurs in two ways: direct and indirect. In direct action, DNA itself is ionized. The indirect effect involves the radiolysis of the solution around DNA and the subsequent interaction between DNA and radiolysis products.   It is estimated that 80% of the lethal effects of high LET radiation are caused by direct effects. Therefore, it is necessary to study the DNA damage induced by high LET radiation, which is also helpful to clarify the molecular mechanism of high relative biological effect of high LET radiation.   TRIS base powder   In the study of DNA damage caused by ionizing radiation, it is obviously helpful to obtain more accurate and reliable experimental results to select the appropriate DNA dissolution system. The most common dissolving system of DNA is te buffer, and its main components are 10 mmol / L tris (trimethyl aminomethane) and 1 mmol / L EDTA (ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid) at pH 8.0. Let's look at the main principles of the study.   PUC19 plasmid DNA dissolved in pure water, 10 mmol / L Tris base, 1 mmol / L led RA and te buffer was irradiated by 100 keV / p.m carbon ion beam (initial energy 290 MeV / U). The proportion of various DNA molecules in different solutions was analyzed by agarose gel electrophoresis, and the average number of single strand breaks (SSB) and double strand breaks (DSB) in each plasmid was calculated at different doses.   It was found that Tris could significantly protect plasmid DNA from carbon heavy ion irradiation by inhibiting the production of SSB and DSB, while EDTA could enhance the production of SSB and inhibit the formation of DSB.   Electrophoretogram of pUC19 DNA molecule in different solution and irradiation dose   It can be seen from the above figure that with the increase of irradiation dose, the percentage of supercoiled DNA in total DNA decreases. Compared with water and EDTA, the content of supercoiled DNA in Tris and te buffer decreased slowly. When the dose increased to 150Gy, the content of supercoiled DNA in Tris and te buffer was still more than 80%, but the content of supercoiled DNA in EDTA and water was less than 6O%. The results showed that the DNA in tri produced less strand breaks than that in water and EDTA.   A series of results show that Tris has obvious protective effect on DNA strand break damage induced by 100 keV / L ~ m carbon ion irradiation. In Tris and te buffer solutions, the supercoiled DNA existed all the time and showed obvious protection compared with pure water and EDTA solution.

Before we learn about biological buffers taps, let's know what is a diagnostic kit? What is the relationship between taps and kit?   Diagnostic kit is a kind of qualitative and quantitative test for body fluids, blood and other substances reflecting human health.   3-((1,3-Dihydroxy-2-(Hydroxymethyl)Propan-2-Yl)Amino)Propane-1-Sulfonic Acid (TAPS) is a kind of amphoteric buffer widely used in biochemistry and molecular biology. It has a pH buffer range of 7.7-9.1 and is soluble in water (25g / 50ml). In clinical diagnosis, taps as a biological buffer is used in biochemical diagnostic kit, DNA / RNA extraction kit and PCR diagnostic kit.   It can be seen that taps is one of the raw materials of our kit.   Desheng buffer taps   [purpose] as a buffer system commonly used in DNA screening system, it can also be used as a buffer component of RNA sample. It is suitable for electron transfer and phosphorylation research of chloroplast thin layer preparation. It can protect oxyhemoglobin from oxidation to methemoglobin during freeze-drying process. It can also be used as a background electrolyte for protein microanalysis by capillary zone electrophoresis.   [product advantage] purity ≥ 99%, good water solubility, stable process, can ensure the appearance of pure white crystal.   [note] the secondary product only needs to be stored at room temperature. It can't see strong light. It needs a container device with better shading. The place where it is placed should be moistureproof and dry. If the secondary product can't be used up at one time, it is recommended to pack it into the amount you need each time and seal the bottle well, so as to avoid moisture absorption or product quality problems.   Taps buffer, toos, Maos, tops and other buffer products produced by Desheng have white crystal, high purity (more than 99%), good solubility, and absorbance < 0.05, which are different from light blue or brown products on the market.   Desheng technology's product quality and technology in China's local market has been widely recognized and used by customers. We will continue to develop and research advanced biochemical reagents to meet the needs of the development of global medical laboratory science and technology and strive for human health.

Heparin is common in clinical blood test with sodium salt and lithium salt, which has unique application value. Heparin has low chelating force, little influence on the movement of water molecules, less interference on blood components, no influence on the volume of red blood cells, and no hemolysis. Therefore, heparin is recommended as an anticoagulant in a variety of tests based on whole blood or plasma.   Heparin lithium and heparin sodium have anticoagulant effects in clinic. They are mainly used in thromboembolic diseases, myocardial infarction, cardiovascular surgery, cardiac catheterization, extracorporeal circulation, hemodialysis and so on. Because of the different ions combined, their dissociation degree is different. The effect of heparin lithium is better than that of heparin sodium.   In the detection of pH value, blood gas, electrolyte and calcium ion, heparin is the only anticoagulant that can be used, and heparin lithium has the least possibility of interference in the detection of non lithium ion, so heparin lithium is recommended as anticoagulant. At present, heparin lithium is gradually replacing heparin sodium in blood test.   heparin lithium powder   It is used for biochemical test of patients after hemodialysis   The blood sample of patients after hemodialysis is a kind of special sample that many hospital laboratory departments have to face. Many inspectors often feel helpless when facing such samples. This is because hemodialysis patients use anticoagulant drugs containing heparin, such as low molecular weight heparin calcium, etc. at this time, because there is a certain amount of heparin anticoagulant drugs in the blood, it is very difficult to coagulate and separate the blood after the blood is extracted and placed in the common tube or separation gel / coagulant tube.   It has been reported that there is bias in the analysis of blood K detected by heparin lithium anticoagulant plasma and serum, which may be caused by the high rotation speed of blood sample during centrifugation, the destruction and hemolysis of red blood cells in fibrin clot, and the release of K ions in red blood cells into serum. In addition, a small amount of red blood cell damage is inevitable in the process of transportation and coagulation of blood samples, resulting in slightly high blood K.   In addition, the results of CK-MB, LDH and Glu detected by heparin lithium anticoagulant plasma and serum were significantly different, which may be due to hemolysis or decomposing blood glucose after long storage. On the contrary, heparin anticoagulant does not affect the cell volume and is not easy to cause hemolysis. It does not need to be placed in a water bath and can be directly centrifuged. The blood K, Glu and LDH measured by heparin lithium anticoagulant plasma are more close to the real concentration of patients. Therefore, establishing the reference value system of plasma biochemical test as soon as possible is helpful for clinicians to make accurate judgment on patients' condition.   Used for routine biochemical test   The results showed that heparin lithium anticoagulant plasma could be used to replace serum in most routine biochemical tests, but the reference range of Glu, K +, Na +, CI -, P3 - should be established, and the reference range of serum could be used to explain the results of plasma test in other items; LP (a), PA, HBDH, LDH, CK, CKMB, IgM and other items should not be measured with heparin lithium anticoagulant plasma samples, and the change of plasma Lp (a) with heparin concentration It increases with the increase of temperature.   Desheng has been engaged in the R & D and production of blood collection additives for 15 years. It can be said that Desheng is an old manufacturer of blood collection additives. Heparin sodium and heparin lithium are our main products. They are non injection grade. They are mainly used as anticoagulants in blood collection additives, that is, in vitro anticoagulants. They are recommended and purchased by many companies. Moreover, we can also customize heparin products with potency of 150iu-180iu according to the needs of customers.

HEPES is a kind of amphoteric buffer, which belongs to good's buffer. It is an important biochemical agent in biochemical industry and one of the important buffers in the field of biological research. HEPES buffer chemical name: N-hydroxyethyl piperazine-1-ethanesulfonic acid, white crystalline powder, is a weak acid, its pH buffer range is 6.8-8.2, soluble in water, does not form stable complexes with metal ions, in most cases, will not interfere with the biochemical process. Because of its advantages, we can find its trace in many fields.   HEPES (7365-45-9) is a cosmetic ingredient with EWG green certification, which is safe and mild. HEPES has the advantages of safety to human body, non toxicity, good physiological compatibility and stable chemical properties.   HEPES can stabilize the pH range of skin care products for a long time, better maintain the activity of microbial fermentation products extract, and make the anti-aging effect of products last for a long time, so it is often used as a stabilizer and activator in cosmetics. HEPES is also a common penetration enhancer, which can promote the transdermal absorption of various functional components in cosmetics. Compared with azone penetration enhancers, HEPES has the characteristics of short onset time, less dosage and high penetration rate. In addition, in some famous cosmetics such as L'Oreal and Lancome, HEPES is mainly used as a peeling agent to soften cutin and promote the metabolism of skin cells.     HEPES is more commonly used in cell culture, in vitro fertilization and embryo culture buffer, but HEPES can be combined with metal ions, most of the metal ion research is carried out by using HEPES buffer, although Tris and phosphate can also be used for metal ion research, but based on the characteristics of these buffers, it is necessary to choose different directions There will be some differences.   The application range of Desheng HEPES buffer is just in the range of ph6.8-ph8.2, which is in line with the characteristics of the pH value needed for cell culture. Compared with other buffers, HEPES has higher stability in the environment of maintaining the pH value of cell culture medium, so HEPES has higher stability Buffer is widely used in cell culture, tissue culture, protein purification and extraction, immunoprecipitation, cell division, living cell imaging and other biological and biochemical research.   Gold nanoparticles were prepared by HEPES NaOH reduction method based on the reducibility of HEPES to excessive metals at a specific pH value. The method is simple, fast, easy to control, less by-products and environmentally friendly.   In protein research, HEPES is often used as the component and eluent of binding buffer in cation exchange chromatography; in DNA research, HEPES is used as the buffer of calcium phosphate and DNA precipitate formation system, AFM and electroporation experiment. In addition, HEPES interferes with the reaction between DNA and restriction enzyme and is not suitable for Lowry's method. HEPES buffer is also used in chemical diagnostic kits, DNA / RNA extraction kits and PCR diagnostic kits.   There are many uses of HEPES waiting for us to discover. Anything of value is worth studying and discovering. Desheng, as a manufacturer of biological buffers, besides HEPES, has a series of buffers such as Tris, Tris HCl, bicine, caps, mops, taps, etc.