China Wuhan Desheng Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd Company News

Tris-trihydroxymethylaminomethane is an organic compound with the molecular formula of (hoch2) 3cnh2. Tris is commonly used in the Tae and tbe buffers (for the dissolution of nucleic acids) in biochemical experiments. Its amino group can condense with aldehydes.   Tris is a weak base, and the pH value of Tris alkali aqueous solution is about 10.5. Generally, hydrochloric acid is added to adjust the pH value to the required value to obtain the buffer solution of this pH value. The effective buffer range of the buffer solution is between pH7.0 and 9.2, but the effect of temperature on the pKa of Tris should be noted. At room temperature 25 ℃, PKA is 8.1.   Because Tris buffer is a weak alkaline solution, DNA will be deprotonated in such a solution to improve its solubility. People often add EDTA into Tris hydrochloric acid buffer to make "Te buffer", which is used to stabilize and store DNA. If the acid solution regulating pH value is replaced with acetic acid, then "TAS / acetate / EDTA" is obtained, and "Tris / borate / EDTA" is obtained when the acid solution is replaced with boric acid. These two buffers are usually used in nucleic acid electrophoresis experiments.   Preparation of Tris HCl and Tris EDTA: 1、 1m Tris HCl (pH 7.4, 7.6, 8.0) to prepare 1000ml Preparation method: a. Weigh 121.1g Tris into a 1000ml beaker. b. Add about 800ml deionized water, and fully stir to dissolve. c. Add concentrated HCl into the following table to adjust the required pH value. pH value Concentrated HCl 7.4 About 70ml 7.6 About 60ml 8.0 About 42ml   d. Dilute the solution to 1000ml. e. Store at room temperature after high temperature and high pressure sterilization.   Note: the solution should be cooled to room temperature before setting the pH value, because the pH value of Tris solution varies greatly with the temperature. The pH value of the solution will be reduced by about 0.03 units for every 1 ℃ rise in temperature.   2、 1.5m Tris HCl (pH 8.8) to prepare 1000ml Preparation method: a. Weigh 181.7g Tris into a 1000ml beaker. b. Add about 800ml deionized water, and fully stir to dissolve. c. Adjust the pH value to 8.8 with concentrated HCl. d. Dilute the solution to 1000ml. e. Store at room temperature after high temperature and high pressure sterilization.   Note: the solution should be cooled to room temperature before setting the pH value, because the pH value of Tris solution varies greatly with the temperature. The pH value of the solution will be reduced by about 0.03 units for every 1 ℃ rise in temperature.   3、 TE is Tris EDTA buffer (10mm Tris, 1mm EDTA, pH7.4, ph7.6, ph8.0). 10 × TE buffer (pH 7.4, 7.6, 8.0) 100mm Tris HCl, 10mm EDTA to prepare 1000ml Preparation method: a. Measure the following solutions and put them into a 1000ml beaker. ①1M Tris-HCl Buffer(pH7.4，7.6，8.0) 100ml； ②500mM EDTA(pH8.0) 20ml b. Add about 800ml deionized water into the beaker and mix evenly. c. After the solution is fixed to 1000ml, it is sterilized under high temperature and pressure. d. Store at room temperature.   Due to the wide application of Tris buffer, in order to highlight the advantages of Desheng company in biological buffer products, we strictly check all aspects of R&D, production and sales, and strive to give the best products to consumers, so that everyone can use them safely, easily and effectively.

  Operation process of Hanks virus transportation medium: （1） Accurate weighing of reagents: select appropriate culture medium according to different fungi and uses, and the reagents required for the culture medium must be pure.   （2） Correction of pH value: put various components of the weighed culture medium into the container, mark and draw lines, heat and dissolve, supplement water, and determine the pH value. It is usually measured by a precision test paper or pH meter with pH of 6.8-8.0. Use 1N NaOH and 1N HCl to adjust the pH value to a suitable range.   （3） Filtration: put the glass funnel on the iron frame, then use gauze with cotton or filter paper to put it in the funnel, pour the above medium into it and filter until it is transparent.   （4） Subpackage: subpackage the filtered culture medium into the medium test tube or triangle bottle (5ml for each tube; 100ml to 150ml for each triangle bottle), pack the cotton plug and wrap it with kraft paper for sterilization.   （5） Sterilization: medium sterilization, commonly used high-pressure steam sterilization. Generally, the nutritional cells of microorganisms are killed when they are boiled in water, but the spores of bacteria have strong heat resistance, so they must be sterilized by high pressure steam to achieve the goal of thorough sterilization. According to the principle that the steam temperature increases with the pressure, that is, the higher the pressure, the higher the steam temperature. Therefore, under the same temperature, high pressure steam sterilization is better than dry heat sterilization. Moreover, in the case of damp heat, the protein is easy to coagulate and denature after the bacteria absorbs water, because the steam has strong penetration and good sterilization effect.   Hanks virus transportation medium     Attention 1. Samples of Hanks virus transportation medium should be detected when they are fresh. In case of bacterial contamination, the bacteria may contain endogenous HRP, and may also produce false positive reaction. If stored for a long time, it can polymerize in ELISA to deepen the background. 2. After the frozen sample is dissolved, the protein is partially concentrated and unevenly distributed. It should be fully mixed, gently and slowly, to avoid bubbles. It can be mixed upside down, and it should not be strongly shaken on the mixer.   3. Turbid or precipitated samples should be centrifuged or filtered first, and then tested after clarification.   Repeated freezing and thawing will reduce the titer of the protein, so if the sample to be tested needs to be preserved for multiple tests, it should be stored in a small amount of sub packed ice. There are some reasons for the straightness of the standard curve in ELISA: whether the preparation of the standard curve is improper, whether the hole washing part is sufficient, whether the reading is inaccurate or whether there is suction error. Find the reason and find the solution.   Storage conditions Due to the different raw materials and requirements, the storage of the medium is slightly different. The general culture medium is easy to be polluted or decomposed by bacteria after being heated and hygroscopic. Therefore, the general culture medium must be kept in a damp proof, dark and cool place. For some culture media (such as tissue culture media) that need strict sterilization, they must be stored in a refrigerator of 2~6℃ for a long time. Because the liquid culture medium is not easy to keep for a long time, it has been transformed into powder.   The Hanks virus transportation medium independently R&D by Desheng has been successfully put on the market, and customers in need are welcome to inquire for details.

Buffer, as a type of substance that can maintain the pH stability of the reaction system, is usually composed of weak acids, weak bases, and their salts or zwitterionic substances. In biological systems, they play crucial roles, such as CO ₂ in photosynthesis and bicarbonate in human plasma. In the field of biochemical testing, Tris buffer and phosphate buffer (PBS) are the two most commonly used, although they each have their own characteristics and application ranges.   Firstly, from the perspective of buffering range, Tris buffer typically has a pH range of 5.0 to 9.2, which varies depending on the acidity of Tris. In biochemical research, Tris buffer has been paid more and more attention because of its wide application range, especially in SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and other experiments, its use frequency even exceeds that of phosphate buffer. Phosphate PBS buffer has a wider buffering range, covering the pH range of 1 to 12. This is due to the dissociation characteristics of phosphate, which makes the prepared buffer have a wider pH adaptability.   Secondly, from the perspective of application fields, Tris, as an amino buffering agent, has a sodium free characteristic that prevents it from introducing sodium and potassium ions into the system, thereby avoiding the impact on osmotic pressure. In addition, Tris has a relatively small impact on biochemical processes and does not form precipitates with calcium, enzymes, and heavy metal ions, making it suitable for DNA, RNA, and protein related experiments. However, the pH value of Tris is temperature sensitive and the solution is prone to absorbing CO ₂, so special attention should be paid when using it.   Although phosphate buffer has a slightly weaker buffering ability under alkaline conditions, it can dissociate cations and has a salt balance effect, with little impact on the protein structure and biological characteristics of living organisms. Therefore, phosphate PBS buffer is often used in cell experiments. However, it may also form precipitates with calcium, magnesium ions, and heavy metal ions, thereby inhibiting the activity of certain enzymes.   Overall, Tris buffer and phosphate buffer each have their unique advantages and applicability. With the deepening of biochemical research, the application of Tris buffer is becoming increasingly widespread, and there is a trend of gradually surpassing phosphate buffer. However, when choosing which buffer to use, it is still necessary to consider the specific experimental requirements and conditions comprehensively.Desheng specializes in the production of biological buffering agents, with a large quantity in stock. Welcome to consult and purchase!

Trimethylolaminomethane Tris, namely aminobutriol, also known as bradycardic acid amine, is a kind of ternary alcohol containing amino group, which has weak alkalinity. It is usually used with weak acid as Good’s buffer and widely used in biochemical detection and kits in biochemistry and molecular biology.   Good's buffer Tris powder   Physical and chemical properties of Tris English name: Trometamol Molecular weight: 121.135 Molecular formula: (HOCH2)3CNH2 Appearance: white crystal powder Solubility: soluble in water and ethanol, slightly soluble in ethyl acetate and benzene, insoluble in ether and carbon tetrachloride. pKa: 8.1 at room temperature, pH10.5 in aqueous solution Buffer range: 7.0~9.2 Tris buffer is usually used as a solvent for nucleic acids and proteins. Because the carbon atom at position 2 of Tris is connected with amino group, and the aqueous solution is alkaline, when DNA dissolves in this solution, it will be deprotonated, so as to improve the solubility. As a buffer, Tris is usually used with weak acid, such as hydrochloric acid or Tris HCl salt. In addition to HCl, it is often used with acetic acid and boric acid, as well as glycine in electrophoresis buffer.   Tris HCl buffer Weigh the required mass according to the molecular weight of Tris (commonly used concentration is 1~2M), prepare an aqueous solution, and then slowly add concentrated hydrochloric acid to adjust to the required pH value. Note that when the prepared solution is alkaline, it will absorb the acid gas CO2 in the air, and the bottle cap needs to be closed tightly; when adjusting the pH, the solution needs to be cooled to room temperature, and the solution is sensitive to temperature. When the pH value is increased by 1℃, the pH value will drop by 0.03, otherwise, it will change when it is cooled to room temperature after adjusting the pH value.   TE buffer Tris EDTA buffer, commonly used in molecular biological reagents, dissolves DNA. The commonly used concentration is 10-100mM, and the molar concentration of EDTA is one tenth of it. Hydrochloric acid regulates the pH to the required value.   TAE buffer: TrisAcetateEDTA, where acetic acid is used instead of hydrochloric acid.   TBE buffer: Tris+Borate+EDTA, adjust pH and replace hydrochloric acid with boric acid.   Tris-Gly buffer: adjust pH and replace hydrochloric acid with glycine. TBS buffer: In addition to Tris base, salt NaCl and a small amount of KCl should be added to the solution, and the pH should be adjusted with concentrated hydrochloric acid   TBST buffer: add 0.1% Tween 20 to TBS.   Besides being used as DNA, protein lysis buffer, electrophoretic buffer and SDS-PAGE gel electrophoresis, Tris can also react with carbonic acid as humic acid amine in body fluid, generate bicarbonate, absorb hydrogen ions and correct acidemia, and have strong action and can penetrate cell membrane. Tris produced by Desheng is mainly used for Good’s buffer and mass export for further refining.

PEP, namely phosphoenolpyruvate, is a very important substance in all life activities. It participates in many biochemical processes such as cell respiration and photosynthesis. The reagent we produce refers to its salt, phosphoenolpyruvate tricyclohexamine salt reagent.   Physical and chemical properties of PEP salt English name: Phosphoenolpyruvic acid tricyclohexylammonium salt Molecular weight: 465.56 Molecular formula: C21H44N306P Molecular structure   Application of serum carbon dioxide determination kit In the chloroplast, PEP can absorb carbon dioxide and convert it to oxaloacetate under the catalytic action of PEP carboxylase (carboxykinase). This process is the core of photosynthesis. The efficiency of PEP carboxylase to fix CO2 is very high, and the reaction is very sensitive. With this feature, the content of trace carbon dioxide in serum can be determined, and the activity of PEP carboxylase in plant samples or serum or plasma can also be measured.                                                                CO2 fixation process of PEP in photosynthesis   Determination principle PEP and bicarbonate (the form of serum CO2) are catalyzed by enzyme to produce oxaloacetate. Oxaloacetate and NADH are catalyzed by malate dehydrogenase MDH to produce malate malate. NADH (nicotinamide) is measured with a spectrophotometer The reduced state of adenine dinucleotide, reduced coenzyme I) The absorbance at 340nm is attenuated, and the amount of attenuation is proportional to the concentration of CO2, thereby measuring the serum CO2 content. Similarly, the enzyme activity can be measured according to the rate of change of absorbance when a certain amount of CO2 is generated, that is, a reagent kit for measuring the activity of a sample PEP carboxylase.   PEP is used in cell protectants and antioxidants In cellular respiration, PEP participates in the last step of glycolysis, which is converted to pyruvate after removing high-energy phosphate groups. In the process of organ tissue refrigeration, it can reduce the oxidative stress and ATP consumption of tissue cells, reduce organ damage, and prolong the preservation time of clinical organs.   The use of PEP salt is not limited to this. Due to its carbon dioxide absorption and cell glycolysis characteristics, many applications are still under development. Desheng Technology's mature reagent is PEP tricyclohexylamine salt, mainly used Kit for carbon dioxide determination and PEP carboxylase activity determination.

Phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) is a glycolysis intermediate. Phosphoric acid is a glycolysis metabolite with a high-energy phosphate group. After dephosphorylation, PEP is converted to pyruvate, which can penetrate cell membranes With cell protection and antioxidant activity, it can be used as a cell protection agent and antioxidant in the liver of cold-preserved mice and a potential organ protection agent.   Its cell protection effect is mainly reflected in the following aspects 1. PEP (0.1-10 mM) significantly attenuated the hydrogen peroxide-induced reduction in cell viability in HeLa cells in a dose-dependent manner.   2. PEP also inhibited the decrease of calcein-acetylmethoxy-stained cells and the increase of propidium iodide-stained cells induced by hydrogen peroxide. The increase of intracellular reactive oxygen species stimulated by hydrogen peroxide was significantly reduced.   3. Evaluation by electron paramagnetic resonance method also shows the potential of PEP to scavenge hydroxyl radicals.   4. In addition, PEP has the potential to scavenge 1,1-diphenyl-2-pyridylmethylhydrazonyl radical (a representative artificial free radical), although the potential is small.   5. PEP (10 mM) slightly inhibited the reduction of H2O2-induced cellular ATP content, but did not show any effect at low doses (0.1, 1 mM).   6. PEP (0.1-10 mM) also reduced cell damage, but did not attenuate the decrease in intracellular ATP content induced by the glycolysis inhibitor 2-deoxy-D-glucose.   These results indicate that PEP exerts a cytoprotective effect and has antioxidant potential, although the exact cytoprotective mechanism has not been fully elucidated. However, we believe that PEP is a functional carbohydrate metabolite with cell protection and antioxidant activity, and may be used as a therapeutic agent against diseases involving oxidative stress.   In addition, the PEP produced by Desheng company can also be used to determine the content of CO2 in the biochemical kit. The content of CO2 reflects the metabolic acid-base balance in the body. It can also be used for the auxiliary diagnosis of diseases such as pyloric obstruction, Cushing's syndrome, taking too many alkaline drugs and respiratory acidosis.

HEPES is a kind of hydrogen ion amphoteric buffer with good buffer ability and long time to maintain pH constant. It is widely used in nucleic acid reaction buffer, hybridization buffer and cell culture medium. According to its characteristics, there are some differences in the configuration of buffer in different experiments.   Physical and chemical properties of HEPES 2-[4-(2-Hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazinyl]ethanesulfonic acid CAS No.: 7365-45-9 Molecular formula: C8H18N2O4S Molecular weight: 238.3 Buffer range: 6.8-8.2 Molecular Structure: HEPES mother liquor (buffer stock): directly prepare 0.5-1m HEPES solution and NaOH solution, control the mixing ratio of the two to adjust the pH, and then use distilled water or ultra pure water to fix the volume. If necessary, NaOH can be replaced by KOH. HEPES buffer salt solution: add a small amount of sodium chloride and disodium hydrogen phosphate into HEPES solution, then add NaOH aqueous solution, adjust pH, add distilled water for constant volume, and store at low temperature.   HEPES cell culture medium: add a small amount of sodium chloride, potassium chloride, disodium hydrogen phosphate, dextran, etc. into HEPES aqueous solution, then adjust the pH with NaOH solution, and finally store at a constant volume and low temperature. In cell adhesion experiments, calcium and magnesium ions are usually added to HEPES culture medium to protect the cadherin of cells and not affect the formation of cell aggregation.   HA solution: HEPES-BSA cell culture medium, which is one of the components of cell culture medium, does not contain calcium and magnesium ions, and contains some other salt ions. After the treatment of filtration bacteria, it is mostly suitable for cleaning and culture in primary culture of tissue cells.   The above is the application difference of HEPES buffer developed and produced by Desheng in different experiments. In addition, the non inactivated virus preservation solution newly developed by the company also contains HEPES buffer. Because it has no toxic effect on cells, it not only maintains pH, but also increases the in vitro survival time of virus host cells after sampling, retains the integrity of virus nucleic acid and protein to the greatest extent, and improves the detection accuracy.

Biological buffer solutions play a crucial role in biochemical experiments, as they can stabilize the pH value and ensure the accuracy and reliability of experimental results. Among numerous biological buffers, MOPS buffer(3-morpholinepropane sulfonic acid) and MES (2-morpholineethanesulfonic acid) are two commonly used buffers that play unique roles in experiments. Next, we will conduct a detailed comparative analysis of these two buffer solutions and explore the precautions to be taken during use. Firstly, let's take a look at MOPS buffer. MOPS buffer, also known as 3-morpholine-propanesulfonic acid buffer, is a widely used buffer in biochemical experiments. Its buffer range is between 6.5 and 7.9, which is ideal for many biochemical experiments. MOPS buffer exhibits excellent performance in electron transfer and phosphorylation studies of chloroplast thin layer preparation, as it can provide a stable pH environment that facilitates the progress of these biochemical reactions. In addition, MOPS is also commonly used as a protein purification chromatography buffer to help scientists separate and purify target proteins from complex biological samples. MOPS buffer also plays an indispensable role in biochemical diagnostic kits, such as DNA/RNA extraction kits, PCR kits, and kits for measuring creatinine. Next, let's take a look at MES buffer. MES buffer, also known as 2-morpholine ethanesulfonic acid, is a commonly used biological buffer. Its buffer range is between 5.5 and 6.7, which makes it suitable for some biochemical experiments that require acidic environments. The pKa value of MES buffer is close to physiological pH, which gives it a unique advantage in certain biological studies. For example, MES buffer is often used as mobile phase component in the experiment of separation of brain tubulin by active amino gel chromatographic column. In addition, since MES cannot be absorbed when passing through the cell membrane and can penetrate ultraviolet light, this type of biological buffer is commonly used for plant cell culture. So, what should be noted when using these two types of buffers? Firstly, as both MOPS and MES are zwitterionic buffers, it is necessary to pay attention to their charge states during use. When the dosage of MOPS is low, it can usually be used after appropriate packaging. In addition, biological buffer is prone to discoloration when exposed to light. If the color of MOPS buffer turns light yellow, it can usually still be used; But if the color is too dark, it should not be used again. When using these two types of buffer solutions, special attention should also be paid to safety issues. Although biological buffer may seem harmless, improper use may pose a risk to experimenters. Therefore, experimental clothing and disposable gloves should be worn during the operation process. If the buffer accidentally splashes into the eyes or comes into contact with it, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical attention as soon as possible. In summary, MOPS and MES are two commonly used biological buffers that play important roles in biochemical experiments. When selecting a buffer solution, it is necessary to determine the required buffer range and buffer capacity based on the specific needs of the experiment. In addition, attention should be paid to safety issues and disinfection of used containers, water, and other additives during use to ensure the smooth progress of the experiment and the accuracy of the results. As a professional biochemical reagent manufacturer, our independently developed and produced high-quality buffer solutions have always been trusted by customers, enterprises, and individuals. If needed, please feel free to contact us at any time.

MOPS, or 3-(N-morpholine) propane sulfonic acid, with CAS1132-61-2, is a kind of N-substituted amino sulfonic acid on morpholine amino group, which is usually used as amphoteric ion buffer with excellent performance, and also a buffer with very wide application and huge demand in good's buffer. It has a high water solubility and a buffer range of 6.5-7.9.   Physical and chemical properties of MOPS English Name: 3-morpholinopropanesulfonic acid Molecular formula: C7H15NO4S Molecular weight: 209.26 Melting point: 277-282℃ Structural formula: Different from the traditional weak acid salt buffer, MOPS does not participate in or interfere with the biochemical reaction process, does not denature or affect the enzyme activity, and does not inhibit the enzyme chemical reaction. Therefore, it can be used for the research of organelles and easily denatured, pH sensitive proteins and enzymes.       Configuration of MOPS buffer (1) Weigh 41.8g of MOPS and dissolve in about 700ml of deionized water or DEPC treated water according to the experimental requirements; (2) Use 2 M NaOH to adjust the pH value to 7.0; (3) Add 1 M NaOAc 20mL and 0.5M EDTA (pH8.0) 20 mL treated by DEPC to the solution; (4) Fix the volume to 1L, use 0.45um filter membrane to remove impurities, and store in dark at room temperature. If sodium ion is to be removed in the experiment, KOH is used instead of NaOH, and accurate pH value is required. PH measurement can be used, and the proportion of mops solution and sodium hydroxide can be adjusted to adjust pH.   Application examples of MOPS RNA was used to extract MOPS from 1% agarose modified gel. Melted DEPC water, MOPS and agarose, then used microwave oven, then placed it at room temperature for 60℃, then added 37% formaldehyde.   In addition, MOPS can also be used as buffer in Northern blot hybridization of RNA separation and membrane transfer, electrophoresis buffer in protein purification, forced medium components of bacteria, yeast and animal cells, DNA extraction and PCR diagnostic kit buffer. Desheng has rich experience in the R&D and production of mops and other biological buffers, and is committed to serving IVD related enterprises at home and abroad.

The chromogenic substrate ADOS is a raw material used for chromogenic in the biochemical kit, with CAS No.82692-96-4, which can be oxidized with 4-AAP by hydrogen peroxide in the presence of peroxidase to produce chromogenic reaction, which is sensitive, rapid detection. Here is a guide for using the ADOS reagent produced by our company for reference only.   Appearance and packaging of ADOS The packaging is a foam insulation box, containing blue ice or ice packs. The product manual and test report are included. If it is not complete, please call customer service to request an electronic version. Packed in dark brown bottles, the reagent is white crystal powder, if the color is deepened, it may have grown bacteria or partially oxidized and cannot be used.   After receiving the goods, will the product deteriorate if the built-in ice pack has melted? This product is stable at room temperature. Low temperature transportation is to prevent extreme temperature conditions that may occur during transportation. Therefore, when you receive the product, if the ice pack has been melted, it will not affect its quality, please feel free to use. If it needs to be stored for a long time, it is recommended to store it in freezing and dark. If it has been prepared into a solution, it is recommended to use it immediately to avoid oxidation and discoloration in contact with air.   Configuration of ADOS solution The chromogenic substrate ADOS is a highly water-soluble aniline sodium salt derivative improved on the basis of traditional chromogen phenol and aniline. Reagent powder may adhere to the wall of the tube or bottle, allowing centrifuges to be centrifuged at low speed to reduce product loss; the product has good solubility and can be directly dissolved in deionized water; double-distilled water or super Pure water; when special circumstances require DMSO as a solvent, first check its solubility in DMSO, and set the corresponding DMSO concentration control group; in special cases, use water bath or ultrasonic vibration to assist dissolution; the concentration changes too quickly during the dilution process It can be reconstituted by ultrasound.   The product is sterile or not This product is a powder reagent. It is frozen and preserved, which reduces the possibility of bacteria growth of solution reagent. When preparing the solution, only keep the operating environment and equipment sterile. If strict sterilization is needed, it is recommended to use a bacterial filter instead of high temperature and high pressure sterilization.   When ADOS is used as a chromogenic substrate to participate in the hydrogen peroxide coupling chromogenic reaction, it requires the participation of peroxidase. Therefore, the pH of the reaction system is strict. It is recommended to use a biological buffer produced by Desheng Technology to adjust the reaction; Environmental pH ensures enzyme activity and improves detection sensitivity.  

α-glucosidase (EC.3.2.1.20), that is, α-D-glucoside glucose hydrolase, also known as glucosyltransferase GTase, its uses are very wide, including food and fermentation industry, chemical industry and medical applications, is a very promising enzyme preparation.   Enzymatic properties Glucosidase is widely present in animals, plants, bacteria and fungi, as long as it has carbohydrates as an energy source and has organisms with cell structures. There are two types of hydrolytic enzymes because the glucosidic bonds are classified into α-type and β-type. Among them, the hydrolysis of α-glucosidase can cut the α-1,4 glycosidic bond from the non-reducing ends of α-glucoside, oligosaccharides and dextran to release glucose; Glucose residues are transferred to another glucose or maltose substrate with α-1,6 glycosidic bonds, thereby obtaining non-fermentable isomaltose IMO.   The physiological significance of enzymes α-glucosidase can hydrolyze oligosaccharides such as maltose and sucrose in the small intestine into glucose, and participate in regulating glucose metabolism and fat production in the body. In animal cells, α-glucosidase catalyzes the hydrolysis of glycogen to glucose in the lysosome, and participates in the metabolism of glycogen (glycogen is a branched polysaccharide formed by the combination of glucose and is a glucose in animal cells Main storage situation, glycogen is hydrolyzed first when hungry, followed by fat).     Application of enzyme preparation 1. Because of its key role in the metabolism of sugar in animal cells, recombinant human acid α-glucosidase is usually used to treat Pompe disease. 2. Used in the synthesis of functional oligosaccharides, using the transglycoside activity of α-glucosidase to synthesize energy oligoglucans, oligomalto-oligosaccharides, oligomeric isomaltose, oligo-cellulose oligosaccharides, etc. Functional sugars as prebiotics. 3. α-glucosidase can be used to screen active natural drugs. It can be seen that α-glucosidase is a very important enzyme involved in sugar metabolism in organisms, and its enzyme activity is also an important indicator for body detection and disease diagnosis. To this end, Desheng Technology is also constantly exploring and innovating in the application of enzyme preparations.

The chromogenic substrate DAOS is a sodium sulfonate derivative containing aniline group, with CAS No 83777-30-4, which belongs to a very sensitive chromogenic reagent and is widely used in various biochemical reagents in biochemical kit, here is a brief introduction to its application in the low-density lipoprotein detection series of blood lipid detection.   In the blood, cholesterol is usually in the form of lipoprotein bound to apolipoprotein in a complex, which is divided into four types: high-density lipoprotein HDL, low-density lipoprotein LDL, very low-density lipoprotein VLDL and chylomicrons, of which LDL It is involved in transporting cholesterol to peripheral cells, and HDL is responsible for absorbing cholesterol from cells. At present, the detection of low-density lipoprotein is mainly to first monitor the total cholesterol content, high-density lipoprotein content and triglyceride content to calculate the LDL concentration. LDL-C=TC-HDL-C-TG/2.2(in mmol/L), (2) LDL-C=TC-HDL-C-TG/5(in mg/dl).   In the detection of total cholesterol, cholesterol ester is first hydrolyzed to cholesterol and fatty acid by cholesterol esterase CHE, and then it is oxidized to 4-cholesterenone by cholesterol oxidase to generate hydrogen peroxide, which is then coupled with DAOS and 4-AAP to generate chromogenic reaction with hydrogen peroxide under the catalysis of POD. The concentration of total cholesterol can be determined by measuring the absorbance.   In the detection of triglycerides, triglycerides are hydrolyzed to glycerol and fatty acids in the presence of LPL; glycerol and ATP generate glycerol-3-phosphate and ADP under the catalysis of GK; glycerol-3-phosphate and oxygen generate dihydroxyacetone phosphate and hydrogen peroxide under the catalysis of GPO, and then coupled with 4-APP with chromogenic substrate as in the above steps Hydrogen peroxide produces chromogenic reaction and TG concentration is measured.   In the detection of HDL, double reagent is used. The first reagent contains polyanion and surfactant, selectively combines with VLDL and LDL, and inhibits COD in the second reagent. CEH plays a role in VLDH-CH and LDH-CH, thus selectively acts on HDL-CH. through CEH-COD-POD, the concentration of HDL can be determined by measuring the absorbance. Finally, the LDL concentration can be obtained by calculation.   In a word, the chromogenic reagent DAOS is mainly used to generate chromogenic reaction with hydrogen peroxide generated after a series of enzyme catalytic reactions with the target to be tested. In addition, kits produced by some company use ESPAS and ADPS as chromogenic substrate. This series developed by Desheng has other chromogenic substrates, which can be used for different biochemical tests according to their characteristics.